Claim · model-written summary
Floral bouquets resembling female bee pheromones attract male bees.
- Taxon
- Ophrys sphegodes
Ophrys sphegodest0 - Interactor
- A . nigroaenea
Andrena nigroaeneae0pollinator - Outcome
- Male bees are attractede0
- Qualifier
- complex floral bouquetse0
Verbatim
e0“Male bees are attracted by complex floral bouquets emitted by the flowers that strongly resemble pheromones produced by female A . nigroaenea”
t0“Ophrys sphegodes”
Title
Biological Flora of the British Isles: Ophrys sphegodes
Hans Jacquemyn; Michael J. Hutchings Journal of Ecology 2015. doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12469
Other claims from this paper (16)
- Observation The British range is now mostly confined to three counties.
- Observation The species is widespread in western central and southern Europe.
- Observation The species occurs farther east into northern Iran.
- Observation The species grows on nutrient poor calcareous substrates with little shade.
- Observation Its main habitat is heavily grazed ancient grassland, with several disturbed habitats also occupied.
- Observation Sexual reproduction predominates.
- Observation Vegetative multiplication occasionally occurs by old tuber survival or splitting.
- Observation In the UK, males of Andrena nigroaenea almost exclusively pollinate the species.
- Observation Fewer than 15% of flowers produce capsules in most populations.
- Observation Temporal and floral premating barriers isolate the species reproductively.
- Mechanism Floral odour differences appear to underlie floral isolation.
- Observation Several hybrids involving this species have been described.
- Observation The British range declined dramatically, with extinction in twelve vice counties.
- Mechanism Grassland ploughing and altered fertilizer and grazing regimes mainly caused losses.
- Observation Its British range has increased somewhat recently.
- Mechanism Spring warming may disrupt synchrony with pollinator flight and cause reproductive failure.