Abstract
Conserved octanucleotide sequences located upstream of two major potato virus X (PVX) subgenomic RNAs (sgRNAs), as well as elements in the 5' end of the genome, affect accumulation of sgRNA. To determine if complementarity between these sequences is important for PVX RNA accumulation, we analyzed the effects of mutations within these elements and compensatory mutations in a tobacco protoplast system and in plants. Mutations in the 5' nontranslated region (NTR mutants) that reduced complementarity resulted in lower genomic RNA (gRNA) and sgRNA levels, whereas mutations to the octanucleotide elements affected only the corresponding sgRNA levels. However, for both the NTR and octanucleotide mutants, the extent of reductions in RNA levels did not directly correlate with the degree of complementarity, suggesting that the sequences of these elements are also important. Mutants containing changes in the NTR and compensatory changes in one of the octanucleotide elements restored levels of gRNA and the other sgRNA species with an unaltered octanucleotide element to those of wild-type. Although compensatory changes significantly increased levels of the sgRNA species with the modified octanucleotide element, levels were not restored to those of wild-type. Our data indicate that long distance RNA-RNA interactions and the sequences of the interacting elements are required for PVX plus-strand RNA accumulation.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Mutations in the 5' nontranslated region of PVX lowered genomic RNA and sgRNA levels in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume2 - Treatment
- NTR mutantse3
- Interactor
- potato virus X (PVX)Potato virus Xe1pathogen
- Outcome
- genomic RNA (gRNA) and sgRNA levelse3
- Direction
- lowere3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Mutations in the 5' nontranslated region (NTR mutants) that reduced complementarity resulted in lower genomic RNA (gRNA) and sgRNA levels”
e1“Conserved octanucleotide sequences located upstream of two major potato virus X (PVX) subgenomic RNAs (sgRNAs), as well as elements in the 5' end of the genome, affect accumulation of sgRNA”
e2“in a tobacco protoplast system and in plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutations to the octanucleotide elements affected only the corresponding sgRNA levels in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- mutations to the octanucleotide elementse4
- Outcome
- corresponding sgRNA levelse4
- Direction
- affectede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“whereas mutations to the octanucleotide elements affected only the corresponding sgRNA levels”
e2“in a tobacco protoplast system and in plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The extent of RNA level reductions in NTR and octanucleotide mutants did not directly correlate with the degree of complementarity in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- NTR and octanucleotide mutantse5
- Outcome
- extent of reductions in RNA levelse5
- Direction
- did not directly correlatee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“for both the NTR and octanucleotide mutants, the extent of reductions in RNA levels did not directly correlate with the degree of complementarity”
e2“in a tobacco protoplast system and in plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutants with NTR changes and compensatory changes in one octanucleotide element restored gRNA and the other sgRNA levels to wild-type in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- compensatory changes in one of the octanucleotide elementse6
- Outcome
- levels of gRNA and the other sgRNA speciese6
- Direction
- restorede6
- Comparator
- wild-typee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Mutants containing changes in the NTR and compensatory changes in one of the octanucleotide elements restored levels of gRNA and the other sgRNA species with an unaltered octanucleotide element to those of wild-type”
e2“in a tobacco protoplast system and in plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Compensatory changes increased levels of the sgRNA species with the modified octanucleotide element.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- compensatory changese7
- Outcome
- levels of the sgRNA species with the modified octanucleotide elemente7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Although compensatory changes significantly increased levels of the sgRNA species with the modified octanucleotide element, levels were not restored to those of wild-type. Our data indicate that long distance RNA-RNA interactions and the sequences of the interacting elements are required for PVX plus-strand RNA accumulation”
e2“in a tobacco protoplast system and in plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Levels of the sgRNA species with the modified octanucleotide element were not restored to wild-type levels by compensatory changes.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- compensatory changese7
- Outcome
- levels of the sgRNA species with the modified octanucleotide elemente7
- Direction
- not restorede7
- Comparator
- wild-typee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Although compensatory changes significantly increased levels of the sgRNA species with the modified octanucleotide element, levels were not restored to those of wild-type. Our data indicate that long distance RNA-RNA interactions and the sequences of the interacting elements are required for PVX plus-strand RNA accumulation”
e2“in a tobacco protoplast system and in plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Long distance RNA-RNA interactions and the sequences of the interacting elements are required for PVX plus-strand RNA accumulation.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Interactor
- PVXPotato virus Xe7pathogen
- Outcome
- PVX plus-strand RNA accumulatione7
- Qualifier
- long distance RNA-RNA interactionse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Although compensatory changes significantly increased levels of the sgRNA species with the modified octanucleotide element, levels were not restored to those of wild-type. Our data indicate that long distance RNA-RNA interactions and the sequences of the interacting elements are required for PVX plus-strand RNA accumulation”
e2“in a tobacco protoplast system and in plants”