Abstract
Three experiments were conducted at The University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, Trinidad, between 1999 and 2001 to investigate the bioactivity of the dried seed powder and aril extract of ackee (Blighia sapida Koenig) on three stored-product insect pests, viz., Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.), Callosobruchus maculatus (L.), and Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. In Experiment 1, B. sapida seeds were finely ground and mixed with pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) or maize (Zea mays) in concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 g g-1 dry weight and introduced to the three insect species for 24 h and the number of insects on the treated seeds were counted. In Experiment 2, the oviposition preferences of the males and females of each insect species to the treatments were compared to an untreated control. In Experiment 3, extracts of the aril of B. sapida were prepared using ethanol, acetone, hexane, methanol, chloroform, and water. Pigeonpea- and maize-treated seeds were offered to the three insect species for 48 h and insect mortality, number of eggs produced, and grain weight after feeding were recorded. The results showed that B. sapida powder-treated seeds affected the three insect pest species, but at varying repellency. There was at least a 50% reduction in the number of eggs oviposited for all three insect pests. The aril-water extracts induced significant (P < 0.05) mortality and antifeedant effects in all three insect pests, but affected the fecundity of only C. maculatus. The other extracts showed varying degrees of success. The LC50 indicated that water is a successful extracting agent and hence could be safely used by farmers.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Ackee powder repelled Tribolium castaneum on stored seeds.
- Taxon
- pigeonpea
Cajanus cajane2 - Treatment
- B. sapida powder-treated seedse0
- Interactor
- Tribolium castaneum
Tribolium castaneume1pest - Outcome
- repellencye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B. sapida powder-treated seeds affected the three insect pest species, but at varying repellency”
e1“Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.), Callosobruchus maculatus (L.), and Sitophilus zeamais Motsch.”
e2“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) or maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ackee powder repelled Callosobruchus maculatus on stored seeds.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane2
- Treatment
- B. sapida powder-treated seedse0
- Interactor
- Callosobruchus maculatus
Callosobruchus maculatuse1pest - Outcome
- repellencye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B. sapida powder-treated seeds affected the three insect pest species, but at varying repellency”
e1“Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.), Callosobruchus maculatus (L.), and Sitophilus zeamais Motsch.”
e2“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) or maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ackee powder repelled Sitophilus zeamais on stored seeds.
- Treatment
- B. sapida powder-treated seedse0
- Interactor
- Sitophilus zeamais
Sitophilus zeamaise1pest - Outcome
- repellencye0
Zea maysNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B. sapida powder-treated seeds affected the three insect pest species, but at varying repellency”
e1“Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.), Callosobruchus maculatus (L.), and Sitophilus zeamais Motsch.”
e2“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) or maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ackee treatment reduced insect egg laying by at least 50% for all three pests.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane2
- Treatment
- B. sapida powder-treated seedse1
- Outcome
- number of eggs ovipositede0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- at least a 50%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was at least a 50% reduction in the number of eggs oviposited for all three insect pests”
e1“B. sapida powder-treated seeds”
e2“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) or maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ackee aril water extract significantly increased mortality and reduced feeding across the three insect pests.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane1
- Treatment
- aril-water extractse0
- Outcome
- mortality and antifeedant effectse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The aril-water extracts induced significant (P < 0.05) mortality and antifeedant effects in all three insect pests”
e1“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) or maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ackee aril water extract affected fecundity only in Callosobruchus maculatus.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane2
- Treatment
- aril-water extractse1
- Interactor
- C. maculatusCallosobruchus maculatuse0pest
- Outcome
- fecunditye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but affected the fecundity of only C. maculatus”
e1“The aril-water extracts induced significant (P < 0.05) mortality”
e2“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) or maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Other ackee aril extracts had varying effectiveness.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane1
- Outcome
- varying degrees of successe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The other extracts showed varying degrees of success”
e1“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) or maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Water was judged a successful extracting agent based on LC50.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane1
- Outcome
- successful extracting agente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The LC50 indicated that water is a successful extracting agent”
e1“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) or maize (Zea mays)”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · pest · Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea)Positive and negative results
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- negative
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See all 15 papers →botanical · Sitophilus zeamais · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
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- negative
- negative
- no effect
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See all 117 papers →botanical · Callosobruchus maculatus · Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.