Abstract
The invasion of a high country grassland site (850 m asl) by lodgepole or contorta pine (Pinus contorta Dougl) wildings was monitored over 32 years in the Craigieburn Range Canterbury The first wildings appeared in 1975 By 1985 density had reached 34550 stems/ha with a mean height of 185 m and a basal area of 17 m2/ha By 2007 stocking had dropped to 11400 stems/ha with a mean top height of 143 m and a basal area of 104 m2/ha Thirtyeight plant species were present 10 years after wilding invasion started Twentysix species (68) were indigenous By 2007 the number of species present had dropped to seven none of which were indigenous The introduced tussock hawkweed (Hieracium lepidulum) featured in both assessments It was concluded that more species are likely to invade as the canopy opens up but if native species are wanted they may have to be introduced by artificial seeding
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Pine density reached 34550 stems per hectare by 1985.
- Taxon
- Pinus contorta
Pinus contortat0 - Outcome
- densitye0
- Value
- 34550 stems/hae0
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By 1985 density had reached 34550 stems/ha with a mean height of 185 m and a basal area of 17 m2/ha”
t0“Pinus contorta”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean pine height was 185 m in 1985 as transcribed.
- Taxon
- Pinus contortaPinus contortat0
- Outcome
- mean heighte0
- Value
- 185 me0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By 1985 density had reached 34550 stems/ha with a mean height of 185 m and a basal area of 17 m2/ha”
t0“Pinus contorta”
Claim · model-written summary
Pine basal area was 17 m2/ha in 1985.
- Taxon
- Pinus contortaPinus contortat0
- Outcome
- basal areae0
- Value
- 17 m2/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By 1985 density had reached 34550 stems/ha with a mean height of 185 m and a basal area of 17 m2/ha”
t0“Pinus contorta”
Claim · model-written summary
Pine stocking dropped to 11400 stems per hectare by 2007.
- Taxon
- Pinus contortaPinus contortat0
- Outcome
- stockinge0
- Direction
- droppede0
- Value
- 11400 stems/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By 2007 stocking had dropped to 11400 stems/ha with a mean top height of 143 m and a basal area of 104 m2/ha”
t0“Pinus contorta”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean top height was 143 m in 2007 as transcribed.
- Taxon
- Pinus contortaPinus contortat0
- Outcome
- mean top heighte0
- Value
- 143 me0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By 2007 stocking had dropped to 11400 stems/ha with a mean top height of 143 m and a basal area of 104 m2/ha”
t0“Pinus contorta”
Claim · model-written summary
Pine basal area was 104 m2/ha in 2007.
- Taxon
- Pinus contortaPinus contortat0
- Outcome
- basal areae0
- Value
- 104 m2/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By 2007 stocking had dropped to 11400 stems/ha with a mean top height of 143 m and a basal area of 104 m2/ha”
t0“Pinus contorta”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirtyeight plant species were present ten years after invasion began.
- Taxon
- Pinus contortaPinus contortat0
- Outcome
- plant speciese0
- Value
- Thirtyeight plant speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thirtyeight plant species were present 10 years after wilding invasion started”
t0“Pinus contorta”
Claim · model-written summary
Twentysix species were indigenous ten years after invasion began.
- Taxon
- Pinus contortaPinus contortat0
- Outcome
- speciese0
- Value
- Twentysix speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Twentysix species (68) were indigenous”
t0“Pinus contorta”
Claim · model-written summary
Species richness fell to seven by 2007.
- Taxon
- Pinus contortaPinus contortat0
- Outcome
- number of species presente0
- Direction
- droppede0
- Value
- sevene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By 2007 the number of species present had dropped to seven none of which were indigenous”
t0“Pinus contorta”
Claim · model-written summary
No indigenous species remained by 2007.
- Taxon
- Pinus contortaPinus contortat0
- Outcome
- none of which were indigenouse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By 2007 the number of species present had dropped to seven none of which were indigenous”
t0“Pinus contorta”
Claim · model-written summary
Hieracium lepidulum occurred in both vegetation assessments.
- Taxon
- Hieracium lepidulumHieracium levicaule subsp. lepidulume0
- Outcome
- featured in both assessmentse0
Verbatim
e0“The introduced tussock hawkweed (Hieracium lepidulum) featured in both assessments”
Claim · model-written summary
Native species may require artificial seeding for restoration.
- Taxon
- Pinus contortaPinus contortat0
- Outcome
- introduced by artificial seedinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“if native species are wanted they may have to be introduced by artificial seeding”
t0“Pinus contorta”