Abstract
Studies were conducted to determine whether cross-seeding of winter wheat, while maintaining an equal seeding rate per hectare, would increase wheat grain yields and help the wheat compete more effectively against Italian ryegrass than conventional seeding. Wheat was seeded at rates of 50, 100, and 150 kg ha -1 in conventional parallel rows or cross seeded in a grid pattern. Ryegrass was seeded at densities of 0, 20, 100, and 200 plants per m -2 . Cross-seeded wheat yielded less grain than single-seeded wheat in 1990 in the absence of ryegrass; there were no differences in 1991. Cross seeding did not reduce competition from Italian ryegrass. Ryegrass was highly competitive against wheat, especially in 1990. Even 20 plants per m -2 reduced grain yield by an average of 38%. Wheat seeding rate had essentially no effect on grain yield in 1990, but the higher seeding rates reduced yields in 1991 because of extensive lodging. In 1991, wheat grain yields were higher in the cross-seeded plots than the single-seeded plots at the two high wheat seeding rates and highest ryegrass densities. Cross seeding does not appear promising as an aid to controlling ryegrass in Pacific Northwest wheat.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Cross seeded wheat yielded less grain in 1990 without ryegrass, with no difference in 1991.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Cross-seedede0
- Outcome
- graine0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Qualifier
- in 1990 in the absence of ryegrasse0
- Comparator
- single-seeded wheate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cross-seeded wheat yielded less grain than single-seeded wheat in 1990 in the absence of ryegrass; there were no differences in 1991”
Claim · model-written summary
Cross seeding did not reduce competition from Italian ryegrass.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Cross seedinge0
- Interactor
- Italian ryegrass
Lolium multiflorume0weed - Outcome
- competition from Italian ryegrasse0
- Direction
- did not reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cross seeding did not reduce competition from Italian ryegrass”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 20 ryegrass plants per square metre wheat grain yield fell by an average of 38%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Italian RyegrassLolium multiflorumt0weed
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 38%e0
- Qualifier
- 20 plants per m -2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Even 20 plants per m -2 reduced grain yield by an average of 38%”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Grain Yield and Interaction with Italian Ryegrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat seeding rate had essentially no grain yield effect in 1990.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- seeding ratee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat seeding rate had essentially no effect on grain yield in 1990”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher seeding rates reduced wheat grain yield in 1991 owing to lodging.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- higher seeding ratese0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- because of extensive lodginge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the higher seeding rates reduced yields in 1991 because of extensive lodging”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
At high wheat seeding rates and highest ryegrass densities, cross seeded plots yielded more in 1991 than single seeded plots.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- cross-seeded plotse0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- at the two high wheat seeding rates and highest ryegrass densitiese0
- Comparator
- single-seeded plotse0
LoliumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 1991, wheat grain yields were higher in the cross-seeded plots than the single-seeded plots at the two high wheat seeding rates and highest ryegrass densities”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors concluded cross seeding is unlikely to help control ryegrass in Pacific Northwest wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- Cross seeding does not appear promising as an aid to controlling ryegrasse0
- Setting
- Pacific Northweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cross seeding does not appear promising as an aid to controlling ryegrass in Pacific Northwest wheat”
The same questions in other papers
density · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
121 papers in the same direction as this paper · 376 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- positive
494 papers more in this group
See all 498 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.