Abstract
Interactions of soybean with Bradyrhizobium japonicum 123 (serogroup 123) and 138 (serogroup c1) were used to examine the relationship between early infection rates, competition for nodulation, and patterns of nodule occupancy. Both strains formed more infections in autoclaved soil (sterile soil) than in untreated soil (unsterile soil). Inoculation did not increase numbers of infection threads in unsterile soil-grown plants, where infection of proximal portions of primary roots was complete by 5 days after planting. Both strains infected and nodulated at similar rates in sterile soil. Nodules were always clustered on the upper root system, regardless of inoculation and soil treatment. Sixty-seven percent of the nodules of uninoculated plants grown in unsterile soil were occupied by rhizobia belonging to serogroups other than 123 or c1. Inoculation with strain 123 or 138 increased occupancy by that strain at the expense of residency by other rhizobia. Eighty-three percent of all nodules on plants dually inoculated with both strains in sterile soil contained strain 138. The corresponding value for plants inoculated in unsterile soil was 31%. Neither inoculum strain dominated occupancy of first-formed nodules in unsterile soil. It appears that north central Missouri soil may not have populations of highly competitive serogroup 123 and that early infection and nodulation rates do not contribute to the competitive success of strain 138.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Both rhizobial strains formed more infections in sterile than unsterile soil.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- autoclaved soil (sterile soil)e0
- Interactor
- Bradyrhizobium japonicum 123 and 138
Bradyrhizobium japonicumt0symbiont - Outcome
- infectionse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- untreated soil (unsterile soil)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both strains formed more infections in autoclaved soil (sterile soil) than in untreated soil (unsterile soil).”
t0“Soybean by Bradyrhizobium japonicum 123 and 138”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation did not increase infection threads in unsterile soil-grown soybean plants.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Bradyrhizobium japonicum 123 and 138Bradyrhizobium japonicumt0symbiont
- Outcome
- numbers of infection threadse0
- Direction
- did not increasee0
- Setting
- unsterile soil-growne0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation did not increase numbers of infection threads in unsterile soil-grown plants”
t0“Soybean by Bradyrhizobium japonicum 123 and 138”
Claim · model-written summary
Primary-root proximal infection was complete by five days after planting in unsterile soil.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- proximal portions of primary rootse0
- Outcome
- infection of proximal portions of primary roots was completee0
- Value
- 5 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“infection of proximal portions of primary roots was complete by 5 days after planting.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The two strains infected and nodulated at similar rates in sterile soil.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- Bradyrhizobium japonicum 123 and 138Bradyrhizobium japonicumt0symbiont
- Outcome
- infected and nodulated at similar ratese0
- Setting
- sterile soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both strains infected and nodulated at similar rates in sterile soil.”
t0“Soybean by Bradyrhizobium japonicum 123 and 138”
Claim · model-written summary
Nodules clustered on the upper root system irrespective of inoculation and soil treatment.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- upper root systeme0
- Outcome
- Nodules were always clusterede0
- Qualifier
- regardless of inoculation and soil treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodules were always clustered on the upper root system, regardless of inoculation and soil treatment.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Other rhizobial serogroups occupied 67% of nodules on uninoculated plants in unsterile soil.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- rhizobiae0symbiont
- Outcome
- nodules of uninoculated plants grown in unsterile soil were occupied by rhizobiae0
- Value
- Sixty-seven percente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sixty-seven percent of the nodules of uninoculated plants grown in unsterile soil were occupied by rhizobia belonging to serogroups other than 123 or c1.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with strain 123 increased its soybean nodule occupancy at the expense of other rhizobia.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with strain 123e0
- Interactor
- strain 123e0symbiont
- Outcome
- occupancy by that straine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- other rhizobiae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation with strain 123 or 138 increased occupancy by that strain at the expense of residency by other rhizobia.”
t0“Soybean by Bradyrhizobium japonicum 123 and 138”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with strain 138 increased its soybean nodule occupancy at the expense of other rhizobia.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- strain 123 or 138e0
- Interactor
- 138e0symbiont
- Outcome
- occupancy by that straine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- other rhizobiae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation with strain 123 or 138 increased occupancy by that strain at the expense of residency by other rhizobia.”
t0“Soybean by Bradyrhizobium japonicum 123 and 138”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain 138 occupied 83% of nodules under dual inoculation in sterile soil.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- strain 138e0symbiont
- Outcome
- nodules on plants dually inoculated with both strains in sterile soil contained strain 138e0
- Value
- Eighty-three percente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Eighty-three percent of all nodules on plants dually inoculated with both strains in sterile soil contained strain 138.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain 138 occupied 31% of nodules under inoculation in unsterile soil.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- strain 138e1symbiont
- Outcome
- value for plants inoculated in unsterile soile0
- Value
- 31%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The corresponding value for plants inoculated in unsterile soil was 31%.”
e1“Eighty-three percent of all nodules on plants dually inoculated with both strains in sterile soil contained strain 138.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Neither inoculum strain dominated occupancy of first-formed nodules in unsterile soil.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- Bradyrhizobium japonicum 123 and 138Bradyrhizobium japonicumt0symbiont
- Outcome
- Neither inoculum strain dominated occupancy of first-formed nodulese0
- Setting
- unsterile soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Neither inoculum strain dominated occupancy of first-formed nodules in unsterile soil.”
t0“Soybean by Bradyrhizobium japonicum 123 and 138”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors inferred that north central Missouri soil may lack highly competitive serogroup 123 populations.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- serogroup 123e0symbiont
- Outcome
- may not have populations of highly competitive serogroup 123e0
- Setting
- north central Missourie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“north central Missouri soil may not have populations of highly competitive serogroup 123”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors inferred that early infection and nodulation rates did not contribute to strain 138 competitive success.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- strain 138e0symbiont
- Outcome
- competitive success of strain 138e0
- Direction
- do not contributee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“early infection and nodulation rates do not contribute to the competitive success of strain 138.”
t0“Soybean”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Bradyrhizobium japonicum · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 64 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
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See all 86 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.