Abstract
Lowbush blueberry production is important for the economy of Maine and the Maritime provinces, and mummy berry disease, caused by Monilinia vaccinii- corymbosi, often reduces plant stand vigor and fruit production. The severity of mummy berry disease among clones of lowbush blueberry were measured in four fields over a two year period (2001 and 2002). In each of 37 clones,lO flowering stems with and without symptoms of blight were randomly selected at flowering to represent "diseased" and "healthy" stem populations, respectively. The severity of leaf and flower blight and fruit mummification was measured for each of these stems, and the relationships between blight and fruit mummification, adjusted fruit set, and berry weight was examined. There were significant differences in the severity of leaf blight among clones within each field, but significant differences in the severity of flower blight and fruit mummification among clones were observed in only half of the fields. The average severity of leaf blight per clone (the average proportion of leaves with symptoms of blight on "diseased" stems) was consistently correlated with the average incidence of blight (the average proportion of blighted stems within a clone). However, there was not a consistent relationship between the average severity of flower blight and the average incidence of blight. Furthermore, there was no relationship between the severity of leaf blight and the severity of fruit mummification. In some fields, as the severity of leaf blight increased, adjusted fruit set and average berry weight decreased, which may justify current attempts to reduce leaf blight through chemical and cultural controls. In order to examine the possible relationship between pathogen virulence and the severity of leaf blight, isolates of M. vaccinii-corymbosi were obtained from four clones of lowbush blueberry with different amounts of blight, and in vitro pectinase activites of these isolates was examined. Significant differences in pectinase production were observed among isolates, but pectinase activity of isolates did not account for differences in blight severity among clones. To examine whether host factors contribute to the severity of mummy berry blight, ten "phenology" stems were randomly selected in each of 27 clones prior to bud break in 2002. The development of leaf and flower buds on each "phenology" stem was examined weekly until Julian day 145, and the height of each stem was recorded. The average severity of leaf blight per clone decreased as the average height of stems within the clone increased, but the relationship was not significant in all fields. However, the severity of leaf and flower blight on "phenology" stems increased with the developmental stage of their leaf and flower buds, respectively, on Julian days 131 through 139. Clones with less susceptible tissue during ascospore release had less blight than clones with more susceptible tissue, which suggests that avoidance or escape may account for differences in the severity of blight among clones. However, differences in inoculum density and host biochemical resistance may have also been involved.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf blight severity differed significantly among lowbush blueberry clones in each field.
- Taxon
- Lowbush Blueberry
Vaccinium angustifoliume1 - Material
- clonese0
- Outcome
- severity of leaf blighte0
- Setting
- each fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were significant differences in the severity of leaf blight among clones within each field”
e1“Lowbush Blueberry Clones”
Claim · model-written summary
Flower blight severity differed significantly among clones in only half the fields.
- Taxon
- Lowbush BlueberryVaccinium angustifoliume1
- Material
- clonese0
- Outcome
- severity of flower blighte0
- Qualifier
- only half of the fieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant differences in the severity of flower blight and fruit mummification among clones were observed in only half of the fields”
e1“Lowbush Blueberry Clones”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit mummification severity differed significantly among clones in only half the fields.
- Taxon
- Lowbush BlueberryVaccinium angustifoliume1
- Material
- clonese0
- Outcome
- fruit mummificatione0
- Qualifier
- only half of the fieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant differences in the severity of flower blight and fruit mummification among clones were observed in only half of the fields”
e1“Lowbush Blueberry Clones”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean leaf blight severity per clone was consistently correlated with mean blight incidence.
- Taxon
- Lowbush BlueberryVaccinium angustifoliume1
- Material
- clonee0
- Outcome
- average severity of leaf blighte0
- Comparator
- average incidence of blighte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average severity of leaf blight per clone (the average proportion of leaves with symptoms of blight on "diseased" stems) was consistently correlated with the average incidence of blight (the average proportion of blighted stems within a clone).”
e1“Lowbush Blueberry Clones”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean flower blight severity had no consistent relationship with mean blight incidence.
- Taxon
- Lowbush BlueberryVaccinium angustifoliume1
- Outcome
- average severity of flower blighte0
- Comparator
- average incidence of blighte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was not a consistent relationship between the average severity of flower blight and the average incidence of blight”
e1“Lowbush Blueberry Clones”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf blight severity had no relationship with fruit mummification severity.
- Taxon
- Lowbush BlueberryVaccinium angustifoliume1
- Outcome
- severity of fruit mummificatione0
- Comparator
- severity of leaf blighte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was no relationship between the severity of leaf blight and the severity of fruit mummification”
e1“Lowbush Blueberry Clones”
Claim · model-written summary
In some fields, adjusted fruit set decreased as leaf blight severity increased.
- Taxon
- Lowbush BlueberryVaccinium angustifoliume1
- Outcome
- adjusted fruit sete0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- In some fieldse0
- Comparator
- severity of leaf blighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In some fields, as the severity of leaf blight increased, adjusted fruit set and average berry weight decreased”
e1“Lowbush Blueberry Clones”
Claim · model-written summary
In some fields, average berry weight decreased as leaf blight severity increased.
- Taxon
- Lowbush BlueberryVaccinium angustifoliume1
- Outcome
- average berry weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- In some fieldse0
- Comparator
- severity of leaf blighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In some fields, as the severity of leaf blight increased, adjusted fruit set and average berry weight decreased”
e1“Lowbush Blueberry Clones”
Claim · model-written summary
Pectinase production differed significantly among pathogen isolates.
- Taxon
- lowbush blueberryVaccinium angustifoliume1
- Interactor
- M. vaccinii-corymbosi
Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosie1pathogen - Outcome
- pectinase productione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant differences in pectinase production were observed among isolates”
e1“isolates of M. vaccinii-corymbosi were obtained from four clones of lowbush blueberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolate pectinase activity did not account for differences in clone blight severity.
- Taxon
- lowbush blueberryVaccinium angustifoliume1
- Interactor
- M. vaccinii-corymbosiMonilinia vaccinii-corymbosie1pathogen
- Outcome
- differences in blight severitye0
- Comparator
- pectinase activity of isolatese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pectinase activity of isolates did not account for differences in blight severity among clones”
e1“isolates of M. vaccinii-corymbosi were obtained from four clones of lowbush blueberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Average clone leaf blight severity decreased as average stem height increased, though significance varied by field.
- Taxon
- Lowbush BlueberryVaccinium angustifoliume1
- Outcome
- average severity of leaf blighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- not significant in all fieldse0
- Comparator
- average height of stemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average severity of leaf blight per clone decreased as the average height of stems within the clone increased, but the relationship was not significant in all fields.”
e1“Lowbush Blueberry Clones”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf blight severity increased with leaf bud developmental stage on Julian days 131 through 139.
- Taxon
- Lowbush BlueberryVaccinium angustifoliume1
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- severity of leafe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- on Julian days 131 through 139e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the severity of leaf and flower blight on "phenology" stems increased with the developmental stage of their leaf and flower buds, respectively, on Julian days 131 through 139”
e1“Lowbush Blueberry Clones”
Claim · model-written summary
Flower blight severity increased with flower bud developmental stage on Julian days 131 through 139.
- Taxon
- Lowbush BlueberryVaccinium angustifoliume1
- Organ / stage
- flower budse0
- Outcome
- flower blighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- on Julian days 131 through 139e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the severity of leaf and flower blight on "phenology" stems increased with the developmental stage of their leaf and flower buds, respectively, on Julian days 131 through 139”
e1“Lowbush Blueberry Clones”
Claim · model-written summary
Clones with less susceptible tissue during ascospore release had less blight.
- Taxon
- Lowbush BlueberryVaccinium angustifoliume1
- Material
- Clonese0
- Outcome
- blighte0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- clones with more susceptible tissuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Clones with less susceptible tissue during ascospore release had less blight than clones with more susceptible tissue”
e1“Lowbush Blueberry Clones”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that avoidance or escape may explain differences in blight severity among clones.
- Taxon
- Lowbush BlueberryVaccinium angustifoliume1
- Outcome
- differences in the severity of blighte0
- Qualifier
- avoidance or escapee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“avoidance or escape may account for differences in the severity of blight among clones”
e1“Lowbush Blueberry Clones”