Abstract
The field experiment was conducted during winter seasons of 2009–10 and 2010–11 to assess the effect of drip irrigation levels and bioregulators (thiourea and Thioglycollic acid) on fenugreek. Increasing levels of drip irrigation from 0.6 to 1.0 ETc enhanced yield attributes viz., branches plant-1, pods plant-1, pod length, seeds pod-1 and test weight. Increased yield attributes with 1.0 ETc thus, enhanced seed yield (15.53 q ha-1) and stover yield (31.54 q ha-1). However highest B:C ratio (2.11) was recorded with 0.8 ETc irrigation level and highest water use efficiency of 4.83 kg ha-1 mm with 0.6 ETc. Recommended surface irrigation treatment recorded 13.02 q ha-1 seed yield with using 540 mm of water. Whereas, fenugreek under drip irrigation at 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 ETc used 278.16, 370.88 and 463.60 mm of water, respectively. Seed treatment of fenugreek before sowing with bio-regulator thiourea (500 ppm) for 4 h recorded higher yield attributes viz., pods plant-1, pod length and test weight, as well as, seed yield of 14.85 q ha-1 against 14.36 q ha-1 where no seed treatment was done. Thus, in turn fetched higher water use efficiency (4.00 kg ha-1 mm) and B:C ratio (2.08). Further, foliar spray with 200 ppm thioglycollic acid at vegetative and seed formation stages recorded highest seed yield of 15.01 q ha-1 over 100 ppm thioglycollic acid spray (14.59 q ha-1) or no spray treatment (14.21 q ha-1). Increased yield thus enhanced water use efficiency (3.93-4.05 kg ha-1 mm) and B:C ratio (2.06-2.11) in thioglycollic acid treated crop.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing drip irrigation from 0.6 to 1.0 ETc enhanced five yield attributes.
- Taxon
- fenugreek
Trigonella foenum-graecume1 - Treatment
- 1.0 ETce0
- Outcome
- branches plant-1, pods plant-1, pod length, seeds pod-1 and test weighte0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- 0.6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing levels of drip irrigation from 0.6 to 1.0 ETc enhanced yield attributes viz., branches plant-1, pods plant-1, pod length, seeds pod-1 and test weight.”
e1“to assess the effect of drip irrigation levels and bioregulators (thiourea and Thioglycollic acid) on fenugreek.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 1.0 ETc seed yield was 15.53 q ha-1.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume1
- Treatment
- 1.0 ETce0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 15.53 q ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1.0 ETc thus, enhanced seed yield (15.53 q ha-1)”
e1“to assess the effect of drip irrigation levels and bioregulators (thiourea and Thioglycollic acid) on fenugreek.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 1.0 ETc stover yield was 31.54 q ha-1.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume1
- Treatment
- 1.0 ETce0
- Outcome
- stover yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 31.54 q ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1.0 ETc thus, enhanced seed yield (15.53 q ha-1) and stover yield (31.54 q ha-1)”
e1“to assess the effect of drip irrigation levels and bioregulators (thiourea and Thioglycollic acid) on fenugreek.”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest B:C ratio was 2.11 at 0.8 ETc.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume1
- Treatment
- 0.8 ETc irrigation levele0
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2.11e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest B:C ratio (2.11) was recorded with 0.8 ETc irrigation level”
e1“to assess the effect of drip irrigation levels and bioregulators (thiourea and Thioglycollic acid) on fenugreek.”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest water use efficiency was 4.83 kg ha-1 mm at 0.6 ETc.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume1
- Treatment
- 0.6 ETce0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 4.83 kg ha-1 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest water use efficiency of 4.83 kg ha-1 mm with 0.6 ETc”
e1“to assess the effect of drip irrigation levels and bioregulators (thiourea and Thioglycollic acid) on fenugreek.”
Claim · model-written summary
Recommended surface irrigation yielded 13.02 q ha-1 seed.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume1
- Treatment
- Recommended surface irrigation treatmente0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Value
- 13.02 q ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Recommended surface irrigation treatment recorded 13.02 q ha-1 seed yield”
e1“to assess the effect of drip irrigation levels and bioregulators (thiourea and Thioglycollic acid) on fenugreek.”
Claim · model-written summary
Recommended surface irrigation used 540 mm water.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume1
- Treatment
- Recommended surface irrigation treatmente0
- Outcome
- watere0
- Value
- 540 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Recommended surface irrigation treatment recorded 13.02 q ha-1 seed yield with using 540 mm of water.”
e1“to assess the effect of drip irrigation levels and bioregulators (thiourea and Thioglycollic acid) on fenugreek.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip irrigation at 0.6 ETc used 278.16 mm water.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume0
- Treatment
- 0.6e0
- Outcome
- watere0
- Value
- 278.16, 370.88 and 463.60 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fenugreek under drip irrigation at 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 ETc used 278.16, 370.88 and 463.60 mm of water, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip irrigation at 0.8 ETc used 370.88 mm water.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume0
- Treatment
- 0.8e0
- Outcome
- watere0
- Value
- 370.88 and 463.60 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fenugreek under drip irrigation at 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 ETc used 278.16, 370.88 and 463.60 mm of water, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip irrigation at 1.0 ETc used 463.60 mm water.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume0
- Treatment
- 1.0 ETce0
- Outcome
- watere0
- Value
- 463.60 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fenugreek under drip irrigation at 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 ETc used 278.16, 370.88 and 463.60 mm of water, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea seed treatment increased pods per plant, pod length and test weight.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume0
- Treatment
- thiourea (500 ppm) for 4 he0
- Outcome
- pods plant-1, pod length and test weighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- no seed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed treatment of fenugreek before sowing with bio-regulator thiourea (500 ppm) for 4 h recorded higher yield attributes viz., pods plant-1, pod length and test weight”
e1“no seed treatment was done”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea seed treatment yielded 14.85 q ha-1 versus 14.36 q ha-1 untreated.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume1
- Treatment
- thiourea (500 ppm) for 4 he2
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 14.85 q ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 14.36 q ha-1e0
- Comparator
- no seed treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed yield of 14.85 q ha-1 against 14.36 q ha-1 where no seed treatment was done.”
e1“to assess the effect of drip irrigation levels and bioregulators (thiourea and Thioglycollic acid) on fenugreek.”
e2“thiourea (500 ppm) for 4 h”
e3“recorded higher yield attributes”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea seed treatment raised water use efficiency to 4.00 kg ha-1 mm.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume1
- Treatment
- thiourea (500 ppm) for 4 he2
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 4.00 kg ha-1 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher water use efficiency (4.00 kg ha-1 mm)”
e1“to assess the effect of drip irrigation levels and bioregulators (thiourea and Thioglycollic acid) on fenugreek.”
e2“thiourea (500 ppm) for 4 h”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea seed treatment raised B:C ratio to 2.08.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume1
- Treatment
- thiourea (500 ppm) for 4 he2
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2.08e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher water use efficiency (4.00 kg ha-1 mm) and B:C ratio (2.08)”
e1“to assess the effect of drip irrigation levels and bioregulators (thiourea and Thioglycollic acid) on fenugreek.”
e2“thiourea (500 ppm) for 4 h”
Claim · model-written summary
The 200 ppm thioglycollic acid spray gave the highest seed yield, 15.01 q ha-1.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume1
- Treatment
- 200 ppm thioglycollic acide0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 15.01 q ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 14.59 q ha-1e0
- Comparator
- 100 ppm thioglycollic acid spraye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar spray with 200 ppm thioglycollic acid at vegetative and seed formation stages recorded highest seed yield of 15.01 q ha-1 over 100 ppm thioglycollic acid spray (14.59 q ha-1) or no spray treatment (14.21 q ha-1).”
e1“to assess the effect of drip irrigation levels and bioregulators (thiourea and Thioglycollic acid) on fenugreek.”
Claim · model-written summary
The 200 ppm spray outyielded no spray treatment.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume1
- Treatment
- 200 ppm thioglycollic acide0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 15.01 q ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 14.21 q ha-1e0
- Comparator
- no spray treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar spray with 200 ppm thioglycollic acid at vegetative and seed formation stages recorded highest seed yield of 15.01 q ha-1 over 100 ppm thioglycollic acid spray (14.59 q ha-1) or no spray treatment (14.21 q ha-1).”
e1“to assess the effect of drip irrigation levels and bioregulators (thiourea and Thioglycollic acid) on fenugreek.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thioglycollic acid treated crop had water use efficiency of 3.93-4.05 kg ha-1 mm.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume1
- Treatment
- thioglycollic acide0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Value
- 3.93-4.05 kg ha-1 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water use efficiency (3.93-4.05 kg ha-1 mm) and B:C ratio (2.06-2.11) in thioglycollic acid treated crop.”
e1“to assess the effect of drip irrigation levels and bioregulators (thiourea and Thioglycollic acid) on fenugreek.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thioglycollic acid treated crop had B:C ratio of 2.06-2.11.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume1
- Treatment
- thioglycollic acide0
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe0
- Value
- 2.06-2.11e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B:C ratio (2.06-2.11) in thioglycollic acid treated crop.”
e1“to assess the effect of drip irrigation levels and bioregulators (thiourea and Thioglycollic acid) on fenugreek.”
The same questions in other papers
thiourea · yield · Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
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- positive
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