Paper · 2013 · Global Journal of Human Social Science

Influence of Herbicides and Agriculture Density on Weeds Associated with Crop Soybean (Glycine max L)

A. A. A. Hassan

12
claims
29
verbatim quotes
1
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

Two filed experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Experimental Farm during two seasons, to study some weed control treatments and plant density (distance between plants) on weeds competition in soybean fields. Each experiment included 16 treatments which were the combination of 8 weed control treatments (6 herbicides beside hoeing and un weeded treatment) and two distances between plants namely, 5 and 10 cm (70000 & 140000 plants/fed.). The obtained results showed that the favorite weed control treatments were hoeing (twice) followed by trifurlin and diphenamid in 1st and 2nd season, hoeing (twice) treatment gave the highest decrease in total fresh weight of weeds, followed by pndimethalin, dinitramine and linuron. The total fresh weight of weeds was significantly decreased at 5cm distance between plants as compared with those at 10cm distance. The effect of the interaction between weed control treatments and distance between plants caused a significant effect on fresh weight of weeds. The effect of hoeing (twice) on fresh weight of weeds at narrow plant distance was greater than that at 10 cm distance. No significant difference in fresh weight of weeds were obtained between dinitramin ,linuron, trifluralin and prometryne treatments at 5 cm distance between plants, but this was not the case at the distance 10 cm between plants.

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Claims 12

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Hoeing twice ranked highest among favored weed control treatments.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
hoeing (twice)e0
Interactor
weedst0weed
Outcome
favorite weed control treatmentse0
Direction
favoritee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the favorite weed control treatments were hoeing (twice) followed by trifurlin and diphenamid in 1st and 2nd season”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 481–596 · show in text ↑
t0

“Weeds Associated with Crop Soybean (Glycine max L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–101 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Trifurlin followed hoeing among favored weed control treatments.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
trifurline0
Interactor
weedst0weed
Outcome
favorite weed control treatmentse0
Direction
favoritee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the favorite weed control treatments were hoeing (twice) followed by trifurlin and diphenamid in 1st and 2nd season”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 481–596 · show in text ↑
t0

“Weeds Associated with Crop Soybean (Glycine max L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–101 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Diphenamid followed hoeing among favored weed control treatments.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
diphenamide0
Interactor
weedst0weed
Outcome
favorite weed control treatmentse0
Direction
favoritee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the favorite weed control treatments were hoeing (twice) followed by trifurlin and diphenamid in 1st and 2nd season”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 481–596 · show in text ↑
t0

“Weeds Associated with Crop Soybean (Glycine max L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–101 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Hoeing twice gave the greatest decrease in total weed fresh weight.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
hoeing (twice)e0
Interactor
weedse0weed
Outcome
total fresh weight of weedse0
Direction
highest decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“hoeing (twice) treatment gave the highest decrease in total fresh weight of weeds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 598–679 · show in text ↑
t0

“Crop Soybean (Glycine max L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–101 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pndimethalin followed hoeing in decreasing weed fresh weight.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
pndimethaline0
Interactor
weedst0weed
Outcome
total fresh weight of weedse1
Direction
decreasee1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“followed by pndimethalin, dinitramine and linuron”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 681–730 · show in text ↑
t0

“Weeds Associated with Crop Soybean (Glycine max L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–101 · show in text ↑
e1

“hoeing (twice) treatment gave the highest decrease in total fresh weight of weeds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 598–679 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Dinitramine followed hoeing in decreasing weed fresh weight.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
dinitraminee0
Interactor
weedst0weed
Outcome
total fresh weight of weedse1
Direction
decreasee1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“followed by pndimethalin, dinitramine and linuron”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 681–730 · show in text ↑
t0

“Weeds Associated with Crop Soybean (Glycine max L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–101 · show in text ↑
e1

“hoeing (twice) treatment gave the highest decrease in total fresh weight of weeds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 598–679 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Linuron followed hoeing in decreasing weed fresh weight.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
linurone0
Interactor
weedst0weed
Outcome
total fresh weight of weedse1
Direction
decreasee1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“followed by pndimethalin, dinitramine and linuron”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 681–730 · show in text ↑
t0

“Weeds Associated with Crop Soybean (Glycine max L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–101 · show in text ↑
e1

“hoeing (twice) treatment gave the highest decrease in total fresh weight of weeds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 598–679 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Weed fresh weight was significantly lower at 5 cm plant spacing than at 10 cm.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
5cm distance between plantse0
Interactor
weedse0weed
Outcome
total fresh weight of weedse0
Direction
decreasede0
Comparator
10cm distancee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The total fresh weight of weeds was significantly decreased at 5cm distance between plants as compared with those at 10cm distance”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 732–862 · show in text ↑
t0

“Crop Soybean (Glycine max L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–101 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Weed control treatment and spacing interacted significantly in weed fresh weight.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
weed control treatmentse0
Interactor
weedse0weed
Outcome
fresh weight of weedse0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The effect of the interaction between weed control treatments and distance between plants caused a significant effect on fresh weight of weeds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 864–1006 · show in text ↑
t0

“Crop Soybean (Glycine max L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–101 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Hoeing twice reduced weed fresh weight more at narrow than at 10 cm spacing.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
hoeing (twice)e0
Interactor
weedse0weed
Outcome
fresh weight of weedse0
Direction
greatere0
Comparator
10 cm distancee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The effect of hoeing (twice) on fresh weight of weeds at narrow plant distance was greater than that at 10 cm distance”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1008–1126 · show in text ↑
t0

“Crop Soybean (Glycine max L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–101 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Dinitramin, linuron, trifluralin and prometryne did not differ significantly in weed fresh weight at 5 cm spacing.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
dinitramin ,linuron, trifluralin and prometryne treatmentse0
Interactor
weedse0weed
Outcome
fresh weight of weedse0
Direction
No significant differencee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“No significant difference in fresh weight of weeds were obtained between dinitramin ,linuron, trifluralin and prometryne treatments at 5 cm distance between plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1128–1291 · show in text ↑
t0

“Crop Soybean (Glycine max L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–101 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The four herbicide treatments differed in weed fresh weight at 10 cm spacing.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
dinitramin ,linuron, trifluralin and prometryne treatmentse1
Interactor
weedst0weed
Outcome
fresh weight of weedse1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“but this was not the case at the distance 10 cm between plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1293–1355 · show in text ↑
t0

“Weeds Associated with Crop Soybean (Glycine max L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–101 · show in text ↑
e1

“No significant difference in fresh weight of weeds were obtained between dinitramin ,linuron, trifluralin and prometryne treatments at 5 cm distance between plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1128–1291 · show in text ↑
e2

“hoeing (twice) treatment gave the highest decrease in total fresh weight of weeds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 598–679 · show in text ↑