Abstract
Diaporthe ampelina, causal agent of Phomopsis cane and leaf spot of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is isolated frequently from grapevine wood cankers, causing Phomopsis dieback. The latter disease is associated with four other Diaporthe species, three of which also are reported from hosts other than grape. To better understand the role of this Diaporthe community in Phomopsis dieback of grapevine and the potential for infection routes among alternate hosts, 76 Diaporthe isolates were recovered from wood cankers of cultivated grape, pear, apricot, almond and the wild host willow in four California counties. Isolates were characterized morphologically and assigned to species based on multigene sequence analyses. This study identified eight Diaporthe species from grapevine and one novel taxon from willow, D. benedicti. We report the first findings of D. australafricana and D. novem in North America. Our findings also expand the host ranges of D. ambigua to apricot and willow, D. australafricana to almond and willow, D. chamaeropis to grapevine and willow, D. foeniculina to willow and D. novem to almond. The generalists D. ambigua and D. eres were the most genetically diverse species, based on high nucleotide and haplotypic diversity, followed by the grapevine specialist D. ampelina. Analyses based on multilocus linkage disequilibrium could not reject the hypothesis of random mating for D. ambigua, which is further supported by relatively high haplotypic diversity, reports of both mating types and reports of successful matings in vitro. Pathogenicity assays revealed that D. ampelina was the most pathogenic species to grapevine wood.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Eight Diaporthe species were identified from grapevine wood cankers.
- Outcome
- eight Diaporthe speciese1
Vitis
DiaportheNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“This study identified eight Diaporthe species from grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
One novel Diaporthe taxon, D. benedicti, was identified from willow.
- Interactor
- D. benedictiDiaporthe benedictie1pathogen
- Outcome
- one novel taxone1
SalixNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“one novel taxon from willow, D. benedicti”
Claim · model-written summary
D. australafricana and D. novem were reported for the first time in North America.
- Taxon
- D. australafricana and D. novemDiaporthe australafricanaDiaporthe noveme1
- Outcome
- first findingse1
- Setting
- North Americae1
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e1“We report the first findings of D. australafricana and D. novem in North America”
Claim · model-written summary
The host range of D. ambigua was expanded to apricot and willow.
- Taxon
- D. ambiguaDiaporthe ambiguae1
- Outcome
- to apricot and willowe1
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e1“expand the host ranges of D. ambigua to apricot and willow”
Claim · model-written summary
The host range of D. australafricana was expanded to almond and willow.
- Taxon
- D. australafricanaDiaporthe australafricanae1
- Outcome
- to almond and willowe1
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e1“D. australafricana to almond and willow”
Claim · model-written summary
The host range of D. chamaeropis was expanded to grapevine and willow.
- Taxon
- D. chamaeropisDiaporthe chamaeropise1
- Outcome
- to grapevine and willowe1
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e1“D. chamaeropis to grapevine and willow”
Claim · model-written summary
The host range of D. foeniculina was expanded to willow.
- Taxon
- D. foeniculinaDiaporthe foeniculinae1
- Outcome
- to willowe1
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e1“D. foeniculina to willow”
Claim · model-written summary
The host range of D. novem was expanded to almond.
- Taxon
- D. novemDiaporthe noveme1
- Outcome
- to almonde1
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e1“D. novem to almond”
Claim · model-written summary
The generalists D. ambigua and D. eres were the most genetically diverse Diaporthe species, based on high nucleotide and haplotypic diversity, followed by the grapevine specialist D. ampelina.
- Taxon
- D. ambigua and D. eresDiaporthe ambigua
Diaporthe erese1 - Outcome
- most genetically diverse speciese1
- Qualifier
- followed by the grapevine specialist D. ampelinae1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The generalists D. ambigua and D. eres were the most genetically diverse species, based on high nucleotide and haplotypic diversity, followed by the grapevine specialist D. ampelina”
Claim · model-written summary
Multilocus linkage disequilibrium analyses could not reject random mating for D. ambigua.
- Taxon
- D. ambiguaDiaporthe ambiguae1
- Outcome
- random matinge1
- Qualifier
- could not reject the hypothesise1
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e1“Analyses based on multilocus linkage disequilibrium could not reject the hypothesis of random mating for D. ambigua”
Claim · model-written summary
In pathogenicity assays D. ampelina was the most pathogenic Diaporthe species to grapevine wood.
- Interactor
- D. ampelinaDiaporthe ampelinae1pathogen
- Outcome
- most pathogenic speciese1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Pathogenicity assays revealed that D. ampelina was the most pathogenic species to grapevine wood”