Abstract
beta-Aminobutyric acid (BABA) treatment of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L) R Br] seeds influenced seedling vigour and protected the seedlings from downy mildew disease caused by the oomycetous biotropic fungus Sclerospora graminicola (Sacc) Schroet. Of the different concentrations of BABA tested, viz 25, 50, 75 and 100 mM, seeds treated with 50 mM for 6 h resulted in the maximum of 1428 seedling vigour and showed 23% disease incidence in comparison with the control which recorded a seedling vigour of 1260 and 98% disease incidence i.e. 75% protection from disease. Seeds treated with BABA when challenged for downy mildew disease using zoospores of S graminicola required 48 h after inducer treatment to develop maximum resistance. Durability of induced resistance was also tested in plants raised from seeds treated with the inducer and identified as resistant, by second challenge inoculation with the downy mildew pathogen at tillers and inflorescence axes. Reduced disease incidence of only 10 and 12% in these plants, compared with 71 and 76% disease in control plants inoculated at the tillers and inflorescence axes, respectively, suggested that resistance induced in seeds with BABA remained operative through vegetative and reproductive growth of pearl millet plants. Induction of resistance by seed treatment with BABA enhanced vegetative growth, viz height, fresh weight, leaf area and tillering, and reproductive growth, viz early flowering, number of productive ear heads and 1000 seed weight. Studies on induction of resistance in different cultivars of pearl millet with varying resistance reaction to downy mildew indicated that the protection offered by BABA is independent of the nature of cultivars used and not dependent on their constitutive resistance.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with 50 mM BABA for 6 h gave the highest seedling vigour (1428) compared with controls (1260).
- Taxon
- pearl millet
Cenchrus americanuse0 - Treatment
- seeds treated with 50 mM for 6 he1
- Outcome
- seedling vigoure1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 1428e1
- Qualifier
- 1260e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment of pearl millet”
e1“seeds treated with 50 mM for 6 h resulted in the maximum of 1428 seedling vigour and showed 23% disease incidence in comparison with the control which recorded a seedling vigour of 1260 and 98% disease incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with 50 mM BABA for 6 h gave 23% downy mildew incidence against 98% in controls.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0
- Treatment
- seeds treated with 50 mM for 6 he1
- Interactor
- Sclerospora graminicola
Sclerospora graminicolae2pathogen - Outcome
- disease incidencee1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
- Value
- 23%e1
- Qualifier
- 98%e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment of pearl millet”
e1“seeds treated with 50 mM for 6 h resulted in the maximum of 1428 seedling vigour and showed 23% disease incidence in comparison with the control which recorded a seedling vigour of 1260 and 98% disease incidence”
e2“downy mildew disease caused by the oomycetous biotropic fungus Sclerospora graminicola”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants raised from BABA-treated seed that were re-inoculated at tillers and inflorescence axes showed only 10 and 12% disease incidence, against 71 and 76% in controls.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0
- Organ / stage
- tillers and inflorescence axese2
- Treatment
- seeds treated with the inducere3
- Interactor
- Sclerospora graminicolaSclerospora graminicolae4pathogen
- Outcome
- disease incidencee2
- Direction
- Reducede2
- Value
- 10 and 12%e2
- Qualifier
- 71 and 76%e2
- Comparator
- control plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment of pearl millet”
e2“Reduced disease incidence of only 10 and 12% in these plants, compared with 71 and 76% disease in control plants inoculated at the tillers and inflorescence axes”
e3“plants raised from seeds treated with the inducer and identified as resistant”
e4“downy mildew disease caused by the oomycetous biotropic fungus Sclerospora graminicola”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeds treated with BABA required 48 h after treatment to develop maximum resistance to Sclerospora graminicola.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0
- Treatment
- Seeds treated with BABAe4
- Interactor
- S graminicolaSclerospora graminicolae4pathogen
- Outcome
- maximum resistancee4
- Value
- 48 he4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment of pearl millet”
e4“Seeds treated with BABA when challenged for downy mildew disease using zoospores of S graminicola required 48 h after inducer treatment to develop maximum resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with BABA enhanced height, fresh weight and leaf area of pearl millet.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0
- Treatment
- seed treatment with BABAe5
- Outcome
- height, fresh weight, leaf areae5
- Direction
- enhancede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment of pearl millet”
e5“Induction of resistance by seed treatment with BABA enhanced vegetative growth, viz height, fresh weight, leaf area and tillering”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with BABA enhanced tillering of pearl millet.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0
- Treatment
- seed treatment with BABAe5
- Outcome
- tilleringe5
- Direction
- enhancede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment of pearl millet”
e5“Induction of resistance by seed treatment with BABA enhanced vegetative growth, viz height, fresh weight, leaf area and tillering”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with BABA enhanced early flowering, productive ear heads and 1000 seed weight of pearl millet.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0
- Treatment
- seed treatment with BABAe5
- Outcome
- early flowering, number of productive ear heads and 1000 seed weighte6
- Direction
- enhancede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment of pearl millet”
e5“Induction of resistance by seed treatment with BABA enhanced vegetative growth”
e6“reproductive growth, viz early flowering, number of productive ear heads and 1000 seed weight”
Claim · model-written summary
The protection offered by BABA in pearl millet is independent of the cultivar used and not dependent on constitutive resistance.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse7
- Material
- cultivarse7
- Treatment
- BABAe7
- Outcome
- protection offered by BABAe7
- Direction
- independent ofe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Studies on induction of resistance in different cultivars of pearl millet with varying resistance reaction to downy mildew indicated that the protection offered by BABA is independent of the nature of cultivars used and not dependent on their constitutive resistance”
The same questions in other papers
seed treatment · yield · Cenchrus americanus (pearl millet)Results differ
22 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
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See all 27 papers →seed treatment · growth · Cenchrus americanus (pearl millet)Positive and negative results
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
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See all 21 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.