Abstract
In small, dense and open-sided plantings of hybrid poplars, the edge effect extended through several rows, tree mortality increased and diameter at breast height (DHB), dry weight of individual trees, foliage weight, and leaf area index decreased from the border row to the center rows. Edge trees next to unplanted border trees tend to spread outward, thus intercepting solar radiation from a larger area than the area delineated by lower stems. When an oscillating irrigation system is used, the inner rows may receive only a fraction of the water border trees receive. This may be partly responsible for the extent of "edge effect" in this and similar studies. These irregularities could create serious problems in interpreting the results from small plantings. Some ways of reducing edge effect in production studies are proposed.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
The edge effect extended through several rows in small, dense and open-sided hybrid poplar plantings.
- Outcome
- the edge effect extended through several rowse0
- Setting
- small, dense and open-sided plantingse0
PopulusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In small, dense and open-sided plantings of hybrid poplars, the edge effect extended through several rows, tree mortality increased and diameter at breast height (DHB), dry weight of individual trees, foliage weight, and leaf area index decreased from the border row to the center rows”
Claim · model-written summary
Tree mortality increased in small, dense and open-sided hybrid poplar plantings with the edge effect.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In small, dense and open-sided plantings of hybrid poplars, the edge effect extended through several rows, tree mortality increased and diameter at breast height (DHB), dry weight of individual trees, foliage weight, and leaf area index decreased from the border row to the center rows”
Claim · model-written summary
Diameter at breast height, dry weight of individual trees and foliage weight decreased from the border row to the center rows.
- Outcome
- diameter at breast height (DHB), dry weight of individual trees, foliage weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- border rowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In small, dense and open-sided plantings of hybrid poplars, the edge effect extended through several rows, tree mortality increased and diameter at breast height (DHB), dry weight of individual trees, foliage weight, and leaf area index decreased from the border row to the center rows”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf area index decreased from the border row to the center rows.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In small, dense and open-sided plantings of hybrid poplars, the edge effect extended through several rows, tree mortality increased and diameter at breast height (DHB), dry weight of individual trees, foliage weight, and leaf area index decreased from the border row to the center rows”
Claim · model-written summary
Edge trees next to unplanted border trees tend to spread outward and intercept solar radiation from a larger area, which may underlie the edge effect.
- Outcome
- edge effecte0
- Qualifier
- tend to spread outward, thus intercepting solar radiation from a larger areae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In small, dense and open-sided plantings of hybrid poplars, the edge effect extended through several rows, tree mortality increased and diameter at breast height (DHB), dry weight of individual trees, foliage weight, and leaf area index decreased from the border row to the center rows”
e1“Edge trees next to unplanted border trees tend to spread outward, thus intercepting solar radiation from a larger area than the area delineated by lower stems”
Claim · model-written summary
Under an oscillating irrigation system the inner rows may receive only a fraction of the water received by border trees, which may partly explain the edge effect.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In small, dense and open-sided plantings of hybrid poplars, the edge effect extended through several rows, tree mortality increased and diameter at breast height (DHB), dry weight of individual trees, foliage weight, and leaf area index decreased from the border row to the center rows”
e2“When an oscillating irrigation system is used, the inner rows may receive only a fraction of the water border trees receive”
e3“This may be partly responsible for the extent of "edge effect" in this and similar studies”
Claim · model-written summary
Some ways of reducing the edge effect in production studies of hybrid poplars are proposed.
- Outcome
- ways of reducing edge effect in production studiese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In small, dense and open-sided plantings of hybrid poplars, the edge effect extended through several rows, tree mortality increased and diameter at breast height (DHB), dry weight of individual trees, foliage weight, and leaf area index decreased from the border row to the center rows”
e4“Some ways of reducing edge effect in production studies are proposed”