Abstract
During surveys carried out in spring 2002, severe leaf blotch symptoms were found on wild barley, Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum, in the Sanlurfa province of south-eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Lesions occurred over most of the surface of the flag, second and third leaves and the ligules but not on the barley ears. Small leaf segments with lesions were surface-sterilized, rinsed in sterile distilled water and blotted dry with sterile filter paper, before being incubated at 18°C in the dark for 7 days on 2·5% wheat germ agar (WGA). Rhynchosporium secalis was routinely isolated from lesions. The identity of the fungus was confirmed by spore morphology and mycelial growth. Two-week-old cultures, derived from single germinating conidia, were used to prepare a spore suspension adjusted to 2 × 105 spores mL−1, containing one drop of wetting agent (Tween 20) per 100 mL. This was sprayed onto the third leaf stage of 40-day-old H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum plants until droplets formed. Plants were grown in plastic pots and kept at 18–20°C in a glasshouse. Similar control treatments were performed, using only sterile water. All plants were enclosed in a plastic bag for 48 h after spraying. Lesions similar to those observed in the field occurred within 15 days on the plants sprayed with R. secalis, but not on the healthy control plants. Leaf scald caused by R. secalis is an important disease of cultivated barley, H. vulgare (Abbot et al., 1992) and was first noted in Turkey in 1937 (Iren, 1962). It also occurs on Hordeum murinum, H. distichon and H. jubatum (Caldwell, 1937). There is an unpublished report of leaf scald caused by R. secalis on ‘wild barley’ (sic) in Israel (A. H. D. Brown, personal communication, 2003, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia) and it is likely that such occurrences are more widespread than recorded in the literature. However, this is the first confirmed record of R. secalis on natural populations of H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Severe leaf blotch symptoms occurred on wild barley in south-eastern Anatolia.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneume0 - Outcome
- severe leaf blotch symptomse0
- Setting
- Sanlurfa province of south-eastern Anatolia, Turkeye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“severe leaf blotch symptoms were found on wild barley, Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum, in the Sanlurfa province of south-eastern Anatolia, Turkey.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lesions affected flag, second and third leaves and ligules, but spared ears.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneumHordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneumt0
- Organ / stage
- flag, second and third leaves and the ligulese0
- Outcome
- Lesionse0
- Qualifier
- but not on the barley earse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lesions occurred over most of the surface of the flag, second and third leaves and the ligules but not on the barley ears.”
t0“Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhynchosporium secalis was routinely isolated from lesions.
- Taxon
- Rhynchosporium secalis
.jpg?width=60)
Rhynchosporium secalise0 - Interactor
- Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneumHordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneumt0host
- Outcome
- routinely isolated from lesionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Rhynchosporium secalis was routinely isolated from lesions.”
t0“Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with R. secalis produced lesions within 15 days, unlike the sterile water control.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneumHordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneumt0
- Treatment
- sprayed with R. secalise0
- Interactor
- R. secalisRhynchosporium secalise0pathogen
- Outcome
- Lesions similar to those observed in the fielde0
- Value
- within 15 dayse0
- Comparator
- healthy control plantse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lesions similar to those observed in the field occurred within 15 days on the plants sprayed with R. secalis, but not on the healthy control plants.”
e1“using only sterile water”
t0“Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum”
Claim · model-written summary
This was the first confirmed record of R. secalis in natural H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum populations.
- Taxon
- H. vulgare ssp. spontaneumHordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneume0
- Interactor
- R. secalisRhynchosporium secalise0pathogen
- Outcome
- first confirmed recorde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this is the first confirmed record of R. secalis on natural populations of H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum.”
The same questions in other papers
application · disease · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 19 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
23 papers more in this group
See all 27 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.