Abstract
We examined chloroplast trnL intron sequence variation within Isoetes hypsophila, a Chinese endemic alpine quillwort species. Sequence data were obtained from 46 individuals in six populations throughout the natural distribution of the species. Sequences appeared to have neutral evolution (Tajima’s criterion $$D=-1.66453$$, $$0.1> P> 0.05$$; Fu and Li’s test $$D^{*}=-1.92897$$, $$0.1> P> 0.05$$; $$F^{*}=-2.17823$$, $$0.1> P> 0.05$$). Eleven haplotypes were identified in I. hypsophila. A relatively high level of haplotype diversity ($$h=0.817$$) and a low level of nucleotide diversity ($$\pi =0.0045$$) were detected in I. hypsophila. Indirect estimates of gene flow based on cpDNA variation revealed significant genetic differentiation between the ZD1 population in Yunnan Province and the populations from Sichuan Province. High genetic differentiation between Yunnan and Sichuan populations was consistently indicated by both hierarchical analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA; $$G_{\mathrm{ST}\,}=0.5011$$) and the structure of a neighbor‐joining tree. From nested clade analysis, restricted gene flow with isolation by distance was inferred to be responsible for the current spatial genetic structure of I. hypsophila.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Chloroplast sequences appeared to evolve neutrally under Tajima's criterion.
- Taxon
- Isoetes hypsophilaIsoetes hypsophilae1
- Outcome
- neutral evolutione0
- Value
- $$D=-1.66453$$e0
- Qualifier
- $$0.1> P> 0.05$$e0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Sequences appeared to have neutral evolution (Tajima’s criterion $$D=-1.66453$$, $$0.1> P> 0.05$$”
e1“within Isoetes hypsophila, a Chinese endemic alpine quillwort species.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fu and Li's D-star test supported apparently neutral chloroplast sequence evolution.
- Taxon
- Isoetes hypsophilaIsoetes hypsophilae2
- Outcome
- neutral evolutione1
- Value
- $$D^{*}=-1.92897$$e0
- Qualifier
- $$0.1> P> 0.05$$e0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Fu and Li’s test $$D^{*}=-1.92897$$, $$0.1> P> 0.05$$”
e1“Sequences appeared to have neutral evolution”
e2“within Isoetes hypsophila, a Chinese endemic alpine quillwort species.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fu and Li's F-star test supported apparently neutral chloroplast sequence evolution.
- Taxon
- Isoetes hypsophilaIsoetes hypsophilae2
- Outcome
- neutral evolutione1
- Value
- $$F^{*}=-2.17823$$e0
- Qualifier
- $$0.1> P> 0.05$$e0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“$$F^{*}=-2.17823$$, $$0.1> P> 0.05$$”
e1“Sequences appeared to have neutral evolution”
e2“within Isoetes hypsophila, a Chinese endemic alpine quillwort species.”
Claim · model-written summary
Eleven haplotypes were identified in I. hypsophila.
- Taxon
- I. hypsophilaIsoetes hypsophilae0
- Outcome
- haplotypese0
- Value
- Elevene0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Eleven haplotypes were identified in I. hypsophila.”
Claim · model-written summary
I. hypsophila had relatively high haplotype diversity, h=0.817.
- Taxon
- I. hypsophilaIsoetes hypsophilae0
- Outcome
- haplotype diversitye0
- Direction
- relatively highe0
- Value
- $$h=0.817$$e0
Verbatim
e0“A relatively high level of haplotype diversity ($$h=0.817$$) and a low level of nucleotide diversity ($$\pi =0.0045$$) were detected in I. hypsophila.”
Claim · model-written summary
I. hypsophila had low nucleotide diversity, pi=0.0045.
- Taxon
- I. hypsophilaIsoetes hypsophilae0
- Outcome
- nucleotide diversitye0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Value
- $$\pi =0.0045$$e0
Verbatim
e0“A relatively high level of haplotype diversity ($$h=0.817$$) and a low level of nucleotide diversity ($$\pi =0.0045$$) were detected in I. hypsophila.”
Claim · model-written summary
cpDNA-based gene-flow estimates revealed significant differentiation between Yunnan ZD1 and Sichuan populations.
- Taxon
- Isoetes hypsophilaIsoetes hypsophilae1
- Material
- ZD1e0
- Outcome
- genetic differentiatione0
- Comparator
- populations from Sichuan Provincee0
- Setting
- Yunnan Provincee0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Indirect estimates of gene flow based on cpDNA variation revealed significant genetic differentiation between the ZD1 population in Yunnan Province and the populations from Sichuan Province.”
e1“within Isoetes hypsophila, a Chinese endemic alpine quillwort species.”
Claim · model-written summary
AMOVA indicated high genetic differentiation between Yunnan and Sichuan populations, GST=0.5011.
Verbatim
e0“High genetic differentiation between Yunnan and Sichuan populations was consistently indicated by both hierarchical analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA; $$G_{\mathrm{ST}\,}=0.5011$$) and the structure of a neighbor‐joining tree.”
e1“within Isoetes hypsophila, a Chinese endemic alpine quillwort species.”
Claim · model-written summary
Neighbor-joining tree structure consistently indicated high differentiation between Yunnan and Sichuan populations.
Verbatim
e0“High genetic differentiation between Yunnan and Sichuan populations was consistently indicated by both hierarchical analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA; $$G_{\mathrm{ST}\,}=0.5011$$) and the structure of a neighbor‐joining tree.”
e1“within Isoetes hypsophila, a Chinese endemic alpine quillwort species.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nested clade analysis inferred restricted gene flow with isolation by distance as responsible for current I. hypsophila spatial genetic structure.
- Taxon
- I. hypsophilaIsoetes hypsophilae0
- Outcome
- current spatial genetic structuree0
- Qualifier
- restricted gene flow with isolation by distancee0
Verbatim
e0“From nested clade analysis, restricted gene flow with isolation by distance was inferred to be responsible for the current spatial genetic structure of I. hypsophila.”