Abstract
Compost-amended substrates offer the potential for management of diseases caused by soilborne as well as foliar plant pathogens. In this study, the efficacy of composted pine bark mix fortified with the biocontrol agent Trichoderma hamatum 382 (FCPB) against bacterial leaf spot of radish, lettuce, and tomato under controlled environment conditions was evaluated. Plants grown in the FCPB mix and inoculated with bacterial leaf spot pathogens were less severely diseased than plants grown in commercial peat mix or vermiculite. In some cases, plants were also grown in a composted cow manure mix or in a steam-treated compost-amended greenhouse soil, and these plants were also less severely diseased. Infected radish and tomato plants grown in these compost-amended substrates also harbored significantly smaller populations of Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae and Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, respectively. The disease-suppression effect of the FCPB mix was lost by autoclaving and restored by reinoculating the autoclaved FCPB mix with nonautoclaved FCPB mix. However, the disease-suppression effect varied among the batches of FCPB mix used. In contrast, vermiculite and a highly decomposed sphagnum peat mix consistently failed to suppress these diseases. These results suggest that producing vegetable seedlings in FCPB mix or compost-based substrates may provide initial protection against bacterial leaf spot pathogens.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
FCPB grown radish had less severe bacterial leaf spot than peat or vermiculite grown plants.
- Taxon
- radish
Raphanus sativust0 - Treatment
- FCPB mixe0
- Interactor
- bacterial leaf spot pathogense0pathogen
- Outcome
- bacterial leaf spote0
- Direction
- less severely diseasede0
- Comparator
- commercial peat mix or vermiculitee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“radish”
e0“Plants grown in the FCPB mix and inoculated with bacterial leaf spot pathogens were less severely diseased than plants grown in commercial peat mix or vermiculite.”
Claim · model-written summary
FCPB grown lettuce had less severe bacterial leaf spot than peat or vermiculite grown plants.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativat0 - Treatment
- FCPB mixe0
- Interactor
- bacterial leaf spot pathogense0pathogen
- Outcome
- bacterial leaf spote0
- Direction
- less severely diseasede0
- Comparator
- commercial peat mix or vermiculitee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce”
e0“Plants grown in the FCPB mix and inoculated with bacterial leaf spot pathogens were less severely diseased than plants grown in commercial peat mix or vermiculite.”
Claim · model-written summary
FCPB grown tomato had less severe bacterial leaf spot than peat or vermiculite grown plants.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- FCPB mixe0
- Interactor
- bacterial leaf spot pathogense0pathogen
- Outcome
- bacterial leaf spote0
- Direction
- less severely diseasede0
- Comparator
- commercial peat mix or vermiculitee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“Plants grown in the FCPB mix and inoculated with bacterial leaf spot pathogens were less severely diseased than plants grown in commercial peat mix or vermiculite.”
Claim · model-written summary
Composted cow manure mix reduced disease severity in some tested plants.
- Taxon
- radish, lettuce, and tomatoRaphanus sativusSolanum lycopersicumLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- composted cow manure mixe0
- Outcome
- less severely diseasede0
- Direction
- less severely diseasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“radish, lettuce, and tomato”
e0“In some cases, plants were also grown in a composted cow manure mix or in a steam-treated compost-amended greenhouse soil, and these plants were also less severely diseased.”
Claim · model-written summary
Steam treated compost amended greenhouse soil reduced disease severity in some tested plants.
- Taxon
- radish, lettuce, and tomatoRaphanus sativusSolanum lycopersicumLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- steam-treated compost-amended greenhouse soile0
- Outcome
- less severely diseasede0
- Direction
- less severely diseasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“radish, lettuce, and tomato”
e0“In some cases, plants were also grown in a composted cow manure mix or in a steam-treated compost-amended greenhouse soil, and these plants were also less severely diseased.”
Claim · model-written summary
Infected radish in compost amended substrate harbored smaller Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae populations.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Treatment
- compost-amended substratese0
- Interactor
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae
Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciaee0pathogen - Outcome
- populations of Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciaee0
- Direction
- smallere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“radish”
e0“Infected radish and tomato plants grown in these compost-amended substrates also harbored significantly smaller populations of Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae and Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Infected tomato in compost amended substrate harbored smaller Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria populations.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- compost-amended substratese0
- Interactor
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria
_(25868012152).jpg?width=60)
Xanthomonas campestrise0pathogen - Outcome
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoriae0
- Direction
- smallere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(25868012152).jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Infected radish and tomato plants grown in these compost-amended substrates also harbored significantly smaller populations of Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae and Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Autoclaving removed FCPB disease suppression.
- Taxon
- radish, lettuce, and tomatoRaphanus sativusSolanum lycopersicumLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- autoclavinge0
- Outcome
- disease-suppression effect of the FCPB mixe0
- Direction
- loste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“radish, lettuce, and tomato”
e0“The disease-suppression effect of the FCPB mix was lost by autoclaving and restored by reinoculating the autoclaved FCPB mix with nonautoclaved FCPB mix.”
Claim · model-written summary
Reinoculating autoclaved FCPB with untreated FCPB restored disease suppression.
- Taxon
- radish, lettuce, and tomatoRaphanus sativusSolanum lycopersicumLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- reinoculating the autoclaved FCPB mix with nonautoclaved FCPB mixe0
- Outcome
- disease-suppression effect of the FCPB mixe0
- Direction
- restorede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“radish, lettuce, and tomato”
e0“The disease-suppression effect of the FCPB mix was lost by autoclaving and restored by reinoculating the autoclaved FCPB mix with nonautoclaved FCPB mix.”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease suppression varied among FCPB batches.
- Taxon
- radish, lettuce, and tomatoRaphanus sativusSolanum lycopersicumLactuca sativat0
- Outcome
- disease-suppression effecte0
- Direction
- variede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“radish, lettuce, and tomato”
e0“the disease-suppression effect varied among the batches of FCPB mix used.”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermiculite consistently failed to suppress the diseases.
- Taxon
- radish, lettuce, and tomatoRaphanus sativusSolanum lycopersicumLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- vermiculitee0
- Outcome
- suppress these diseasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“radish, lettuce, and tomato”
e0“vermiculite and a highly decomposed sphagnum peat mix consistently failed to suppress these diseases.”
Claim · model-written summary
Highly decomposed sphagnum peat consistently failed to suppress the diseases.
- Taxon
- radish, lettuce, and tomatoRaphanus sativusSolanum lycopersicumLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- highly decomposed sphagnum peat mixe0
- Outcome
- suppress these diseasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“radish, lettuce, and tomato”
e0“vermiculite and a highly decomposed sphagnum peat mix consistently failed to suppress these diseases.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest FCPB or compost substrates may initially protect vegetable seedlings against bacterial leaf spot.
- Taxon
- radish, lettuce, and tomatoRaphanus sativusSolanum lycopersicumLactuca sativat0
- Outcome
- producing vegetable seedlings in FCPB mix or compost-based substratese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“radish, lettuce, and tomato”
e0“producing vegetable seedlings in FCPB mix or compost-based substrates may provide initial protection against bacterial leaf spot pathogens.”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae · Raphanus sativus (radish)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.