Abstract
Jasmonates (JA) are important regulators of plant defense responses that activate expression of many wound-induced genes including the tomato proteinase inhibitor II (pin2) and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) genes. Elements required for JA induction of the LAP gene are all present in the -317 to -78 proximal promoter region. Using yeast one-hybrid screening, we have identified the bHLH-leu zipper JAMYC2 and JAMYC10 proteins, specifically recognizing a T/G-box AACGTG motif in this promoter fragment. Mutation of the G-box element decreases JA-responsive LAP promoter expression. Expression of JAMYC2 and JAMYC10 is induced by JA, with a kinetics that precedes that of the LAP or pin2 transcripts. JAMYC overexpression enhanced JA-induced expression of these defense genes in potato, but did not result in constitutive transcript accumulation. Using footprinting assays, an additional protected element was identified, located directly adjacent to the T/G-box motif. Mutation of this element abolishes JA response, showing that recognition of this duplicated element is also required for gene expression. Knockout mutants in the AtMYC2 homolog gene of Arabidopsis are insensitive to JA and exhibit a decreased activation of the JA-responsive genes AtVSP and JR1. Activation of the PDF1.2 and b-CHI, ethylene/JA-responsive genes, is, however, increased in these mutants. These results show that the JAMYC/AtMYC2 transcription factors function as members of a MYC-based regulatory system conserved in dicotyledonous plants with a key role in JA-induced defense gene activation.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
The tomato LAP promoter contains elements required for jasmonate induction in its -317 to -78 region.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Gene
- LAPe0
- Outcome
- Elements required for JA inductione0
- Value
- -317 to -78e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elements required for JA induction of the LAP gene are all present in the -317 to -78 proximal promoter region.”
t0“tomato and Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
JAMYC2 recognizes the T/G-box AACGTG motif in the tomato LAP promoter.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- JAMYC2e0
- Outcome
- specifically recognizing a T/G-box AACGTG motife0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we have identified the bHLH-leu zipper JAMYC2 and JAMYC10 proteins, specifically recognizing a T/G-box AACGTG motif in this promoter fragment.”
t0“tomato and Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
JAMYC10 recognizes the T/G-box AACGTG motif in the tomato LAP promoter.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- JAMYC10e0
- Outcome
- specifically recognizing a T/G-box AACGTG motife0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we have identified the bHLH-leu zipper JAMYC2 and JAMYC10 proteins, specifically recognizing a T/G-box AACGTG motif in this promoter fragment.”
t0“tomato and Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutation of the G-box reduces tomato JA-responsive LAP promoter expression.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Mutation of the G-box elemente0
- Gene
- LAPe0
- Outcome
- JA-responsive LAP promoter expressione0
- Direction
- decreasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mutation of the G-box element decreases JA-responsive LAP promoter expression.”
t0“tomato and Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
JA induces tomato JAMYC2 expression before LAP or pin2 transcripts.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- JAe0
- Gene
- JAMYC2e0
- Outcome
- Expressione0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- precedes that of the LAP or pin2 transcriptse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Expression of JAMYC2 and JAMYC10 is induced by JA, with a kinetics that precedes that of the LAP or pin2 transcripts.”
t0“tomato and Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
JA induces tomato JAMYC10 expression before LAP or pin2 transcripts.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- JAe0
- Gene
- JAMYC10e0
- Outcome
- Expressione0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- precedes that of the LAP or pin2 transcriptse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Expression of JAMYC2 and JAMYC10 is induced by JA, with a kinetics that precedes that of the LAP or pin2 transcripts.”
t0“tomato and Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
JAMYC overexpression enhanced JA-induced defense gene expression in potato.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume0 - Treatment
- JAMYC overexpressione0
- Gene
- JAMYCe0
- Outcome
- JA-induced expression of these defense genese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“JAMYC overexpression enhanced JA-induced expression of these defense genes in potato, but did not result in constitutive transcript accumulation.”
Claim · model-written summary
JAMYC overexpression did not cause constitutive transcript accumulation in potato.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- JAMYC overexpressione0
- Outcome
- constitutive transcript accumulatione0
- Direction
- did not resulte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“JAMYC overexpression enhanced JA-induced expression of these defense genes in potato, but did not result in constitutive transcript accumulation.”
Claim · model-written summary
A protected element adjacent to the tomato T/G-box motif was identified.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- additional protected elemente0
- Qualifier
- directly adjacent to the T/G-box motife0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an additional protected element was identified, located directly adjacent to the T/G-box motif.”
t0“tomato and Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutation of the adjacent element abolishes tomato JA response.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Mutation of this elemente0
- Outcome
- JA responsee0
- Direction
- abolishese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mutation of this element abolishes JA response, showing that recognition of this duplicated element is also required for gene expression.”
t0“tomato and Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Arabidopsis AtMYC2 knockout mutants were insensitive to JA.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Material
- Knockout mutantse0
- Gene
- AtMYC2e0
- Outcome
- insensitive to JAe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Knockout mutants in the AtMYC2 homolog gene of Arabidopsis are insensitive to JA and exhibit a decreased activation of the JA-responsive genes AtVSP and JR1.”
Claim · model-written summary
Arabidopsis AtMYC2 knockout mutants had decreased AtVSP and JR1 activation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- Knockout mutants in the AtMYC2 homolog genee0
- Gene
- AtVSP and JR1e0
- Outcome
- activation of the JA-responsive genes AtVSP and JR1e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Knockout mutants in the AtMYC2 homolog gene of Arabidopsis are insensitive to JA and exhibit a decreased activation of the JA-responsive genes AtVSP and JR1.”
Claim · model-written summary
Activation of Arabidopsis PDF1.2 and b-CHI increased in AtMYC2 mutants.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- these mutantse0
- Gene
- PDF1.2 and b-CHIe0
- Outcome
- Activation of the PDF1.2 and b-CHIe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Activation of the PDF1.2 and b-CHI, ethylene/JA-responsive genes, is, however, increased in these mutants.”
t0“tomato and Arabidopsis”
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