Abstract
Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) hay production for dairy and equine industries is a profitable enterprise in the Great Plains. However, as stands thin, forage production decreases and weeds increase, resulting in decreased returns. The objective of this research was to determine if alternative management strategies using October sod seeding plus March grazing could be utilized to increase forage production and control pests. Experiments were conducted at four locations in central Oklahoma from 1998–2000. Two ungrazed treatments (with and without pesticides) were compared with three treatments without pesticides but grazed by cattle in March. The three grazing treatments included: no sod seed, ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum Lam.) sod‐seeded in October, and wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) sod‐seeded in October. Grazing by cattle reduced alfalfa weevil ( Hypera postica Gyllenhal) larval populations as effectively as insecticide application. In thin stands (<200 stems m −2 ), total forage yields were increased with alfalfa–grass mixtures by an average of 2.7 kg ha −1 . However, alfalfa yields were decreased 0.9 kg ha −1 with sod‐seeded ryegrass ( P = 0.05). In thin stands, sod‐seeded grass treatments were more effective at weed suppression than a herbicide treatment. Net returns from cool‐season forage production increased with sod seeding plus March grazing compared with net returns using conventional haying methods. In thin stands (<200 stems m −2 ), sod seeding of ryegrass or wheat plus March grazing provided greater net returns ($175 ha −1 ) than conventional practice of using pesticides and haying. In full stands (>250 stems m −2 ), net returns from conventional alfalfa management (using pesticides and only haying) were comparable to October sod seed plus March grazing treatments.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Cattle grazing reduced alfalfa weevil larvae as effectively as insecticide.
- Taxon
- Alfalfa
Medicago sativat0 - Treatment
- Grazing by cattlee0
- Interactor
- Hypera postica
Hypera posticae0pest - Outcome
- alfalfa weevil ( Hypera postica Gyllenhal) larval populationse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- insecticide applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grazing by cattle reduced alfalfa weevil ( Hypera postica Gyllenhal) larval populations as effectively as insecticide application.”
t0“Established Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
In thin stands alfalfa–grass mixtures increased total forage yield by 2.7 kg ha −1 on average.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- alfalfa–grass mixturese0
- Outcome
- total forage yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2.7 kg ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- thin stands (<200 stems m −2 )e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In thin stands (<200 stems m −2 ), total forage yields were increased with alfalfa–grass mixtures by an average of 2.7 kg ha −1 .”
t0“Established Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Sod seeded ryegrass decreased alfalfa yield by 0.9 kg ha −1.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- sod‐seeded ryegrasse0
- Outcome
- alfalfa yieldse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 0.9 kg ha −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“alfalfa yields were decreased 0.9 kg ha −1 with sod‐seeded ryegrass ( P = 0.05)”
t0“Established Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
In thin stands sod seeded grass suppressed weeds more effectively than herbicide.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- sod‐seeded grass treatmentse0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed suppressione0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Qualifier
- thin standse0
- Comparator
- a herbicide treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In thin stands, sod‐seeded grass treatments were more effective at weed suppression than a herbicide treatment.”
t0“Established Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Sod seeding plus March grazing increased net returns over conventional haying.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- sod seeding plus March grazinge0
- Outcome
- Net returns from cool‐season forage productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- conventional haying methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Net returns from cool‐season forage production increased with sod seeding plus March grazing compared with net returns using conventional haying methods.”
t0“Established Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
In thin stands sod seeded ryegrass or wheat with grazing gave $175 ha −1 greater net returns than pesticide haying.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- sod seeding of ryegrass or wheat plus March grazinge0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- $175 ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- thin stands (<200 stems m −2 )e0
- Comparator
- conventional practice of using pesticides and hayinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In thin stands (<200 stems m −2 ), sod seeding of ryegrass or wheat plus March grazing provided greater net returns ($175 ha −1 ) than conventional practice of using pesticides and haying.”
t0“Established Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
In full stands conventional management and sod seeding plus grazing had comparable net returns.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- October sod seed plus March grazing treatmentse0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Qualifier
- full stands (>250 stems m −2 )e0
- Comparator
- conventional alfalfa managemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In full stands (>250 stems m −2 ), net returns from conventional alfalfa management (using pesticides and only haying) were comparable to October sod seed plus March grazing treatments.”
t0“Established Alfalfa”
The same questions in other papers
Triticum aestivum · yield · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
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See all 9 papers →grazing · yield · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results differ
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See all 23 papers →grazing · Hypera postica · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.