Abstract
Abstract During a four year study it was shown that the mean lesion area (M.L.A.) developed on leaflets of different potato cultivars by isolates of P. infestans after artificial inoculation varied periodically during the year. Disease symptoms observed changed from pinpoint necroses to regular sporulating lesions depending on the season and the cultivar. Analysis of variance revealed that differences in lesion size between experiments performed in different seasons were significant. The largest M.L.A. was found in late spring or in autumn but autumnal increase of M.L.A. was usually significantly lower than that in spring. Periodicity of M.L.A. was accompanied by a similar phenomenon in sporulation density of P. infestans isolates cultured in vitro. However, the peaks of sporulation, in comparison with peaks of M.L.A. appeared in different seasons. The highest disease level coincided with a decline in sporulation density of P. infestans cultured in vitro and the decrease of M.L.A. corresponded with an increase in sporulation density per cm 2 of medium. Variation in M.L.A. found in this study seemed not to be related to variability in plant reaction. In this connection a hypothesis has been proposed that the changes of M.L.A. were due to variation in pathogenicity of the fungus.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Potato leaflet lesion area varied periodically during the year after inoculation.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume0 - Organ / stage
- leafletse0
- Interactor
- P. infestans
Phytophthora infestanse0pathogen - Outcome
- mean lesion area (M.L.A.)e0
- Direction
- varied periodicallye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the mean lesion area (M.L.A.) developed on leaflets of different potato cultivars by isolates of P. infestans after artificial inoculation varied periodically during the year”
Claim · model-written summary
Symptoms ranged from pinpoint necroses to sporulating lesions by season and cultivar.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Material
- cultivare0
- Outcome
- Disease symptoms observed changed from pinpoint necroses to regular sporulating lesionse0
- Direction
- changede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Disease symptoms observed changed from pinpoint necroses to regular sporulating lesions depending on the season and the cultivar”
e1“potato cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Lesion size differed significantly among seasons.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Outcome
- lesion sizee0
- Setting
- different seasonse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“differences in lesion size between experiments performed in different seasons were significant”
e1“potato cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Lesion area was largest in late spring or autumn.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Outcome
- M.L.A.e0
- Direction
- largeste0
- Setting
- late spring or in autumne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The largest M.L.A. was found in late spring or in autumn”
e1“potato cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
The autumn lesion-area increase was usually significantly lower than the spring increase.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Outcome
- M.L.A.e0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- springe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“autumnal increase of M.L.A. was usually significantly lower than that in spring”
e1“potato cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
In-vitro P. infestans sporulation density showed periodicity.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Interactor
- P. infestansPhytophthora infestanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- sporulation density of P. infestans isolatese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Periodicity of M.L.A. was accompanied by a similar phenomenon in sporulation density of P. infestans isolates cultured in vitro”
e1“potato cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Sporulation and lesion-area peaks occurred in different seasons.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Interactor
- P. infestansPhytophthora infestanse2pathogen
- Outcome
- peaks of sporulatione0
- Comparator
- peaks of M.L.A.e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the peaks of sporulation, in comparison with peaks of M.L.A. appeared in different seasons”
e1“potato cultivars”
e2“P. infestans isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Highest disease level coincided with lower in-vitro sporulation density.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Interactor
- P. infestansPhytophthora infestanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- sporulation density of P. infestanse0
- Direction
- declinee0
- Comparator
- highest disease levele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest disease level coincided with a decline in sporulation density of P. infestans cultured in vitro”
e1“potato cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower lesion area corresponded to higher in-vitro sporulation density.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Interactor
- P. infestansPhytophthora infestanse2pathogen
- Outcome
- sporulation density per cm 2 of mediume0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- decrease of M.L.A.e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the decrease of M.L.A. corresponded with an increase in sporulation density per cm 2 of medium”
e1“potato cultivars”
e2“P. infestans isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Lesion-area variation seemed unrelated to variation in plant reaction.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Outcome
- Variation in M.L.A.e0
- Comparator
- variability in plant reactione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Variation in M.L.A. found in this study seemed not to be related to variability in plant reaction”
e1“potato cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors hypothesized that fungal pathogenicity variation caused lesion-area changes.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Interactor
- funguse0pathogen
- Outcome
- changes of M.L.A.e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a hypothesis has been proposed that the changes of M.L.A. were due to variation in pathogenicity of the fungus”
e1“potato cultivars”