Abstract
Visual estimates of wheat disease severity were compared with actual severities determined using image analysis of tracings of diseased leaves. Septoria tritici , leaf senescence and Erysiphe graminis were studied. Observer estimates were widely scattered about the actual severities (i.e. they were imprecise), differed substantially from the actual severities even after averaging (i.e. they were inacctirate), and varied considerably over short time‐scales. Relative bias decreased with increasing disease severity. In a comparison of three seed treatments to control powdery mildew on winter barley, visual assessment errors altered the conclusions of the experiment. Two treatments were statistically indistinguishable on the basis of visual severity estimates, while estimates obtained by image analysis showed that one seed treatment was twice as effective as the other.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Visual disease severity estimates were imprecise relative to image analysis.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume7 - Outcome
- Observer estimatese0
- Direction
- widely scatterede0
- Comparator
- actual severitiese0
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Observer estimates were widely scattered about the actual severities (i.e. they were imprecise), differed substantially from the actual severities even after averaging (i.e. they were inacctirate), and varied considerably over short time‐scales.”
e7“Visual estimates of wheat disease severity”
Claim · model-written summary
Visual estimates were inaccurate even after averaging.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Outcome
- Observer estimatese0
- Direction
- differed substantiallye0
- Comparator
- actual severitiese0
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Observer estimates were widely scattered about the actual severities (i.e. they were imprecise), differed substantially from the actual severities even after averaging (i.e. they were inacctirate), and varied considerably over short time‐scales.”
e7“Visual estimates of wheat disease severity”
Claim · model-written summary
Visual estimates varied over short time scales.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Outcome
- Observer estimatese0
- Direction
- varied considerablye0
- Comparator
- actual severitiese0
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Observer estimates were widely scattered about the actual severities (i.e. they were imprecise), differed substantially from the actual severities even after averaging (i.e. they were inacctirate), and varied considerably over short time‐scales.”
e7“Visual estimates of wheat disease severity”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative bias decreased as disease severity rose.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Outcome
- Relative biase0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- disease severitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative bias decreased with increasing disease severity.”
e7“Visual estimates of wheat disease severity”
Claim · model-written summary
Visual assessment errors changed conclusions of the barley seed treatment trial.
- Taxon
- winter barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Outcome
- conclusions of the experimente0
- Direction
- alterede0
- Comparator
- three seed treatmentse0
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“In a comparison of three seed treatments to control powdery mildew on winter barley, visual assessment errors altered the conclusions of the experiment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Visual estimates could not distinguish two barley seed treatments statistically.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree7
- Outcome
- visual severity estimatese0
- Direction
- statistically indistinguishablee0
- Comparator
- Two treatmentse0
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two treatments were statistically indistinguishable on the basis of visual severity estimates, while estimates obtained by image analysis showed that one seed treatment was twice as effective as the other.”
e7“powdery mildew on winter barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Image analysis showed one barley seed treatment was twice as effective as the other.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree7
- Outcome
- estimates obtained by image analysise0
- Direction
- twice as effectivee0
- Value
- twicee0
- Comparator
- the othere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two treatments were statistically indistinguishable on the basis of visual severity estimates, while estimates obtained by image analysis showed that one seed treatment was twice as effective as the other.”
e7“powdery mildew on winter barley”