Abstract
Plant viruses ubiquitously mediate the induction of miR168 trough the activities of viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs) controlling the accumulation of ARGONAUTE1 (AGO1), one of the main components of RNA silencing based host defence system. Here we used a mutant Tombusvirus p19 VSR (p19-3M) disabled in its main suppressor function, small interfering RNA (siRNA) binding, to investigate the biological role of VSR-mediated miR168 induction. Infection with the mutant virus carrying p19-3M VSR resulted in suppressed recovery phenotype despite the presence of free virus specific siRNAs. Analysis of the infected plants revealed that the mutant p19-3M VSR is able to induce miR168 level controlling the accumulation of the antiviral AGO1, and this activity is associated with the enhanced accumulation of viral RNAs. Moreover, saturation of the siRNA-binding capacity of p19 VSR mediated by defective interfering RNAs did not influence the miR168-inducing activity. Our data indicate that p19 VSR possesses two independent silencing suppressor functions, viral siRNA binding and the miR168-mediated AGO1 control, both of which are required to efficiently cope with the RNA-silencing based host defence. This finding suggests that p19 VSR protein evolved independent parallel capacities to block the host defence at multiple levels.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Infection with the mutant virus carrying p19-3M VSR suppressed the recovery phenotype despite free virus siRNAs.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee2
- Treatment
- mutant virus carrying p19-3M VSRe1
- Interactor
- TombusvirusTombusviruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- recovery phenotypee1
- Qualifier
- despite the presence of free virus specific siRNAse1
Verbatim
e0“a mutant Tombusvirus p19 VSR (p19-3M)”
e1“Infection with the mutant virus carrying p19-3M VSR resulted in suppressed recovery phenotype despite the presence of free virus specific siRNAs”
e2“Analysis of the infected plants revealed that the mutant p19-3M VSR is able to induce miR168 level controlling the accumulation of the antiviral AGO1”
Claim · model-written summary
The mutant p19-3M VSR induces miR168 level, which controls accumulation of the antiviral AGO1 in infected plants.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee2
- Interactor
- TombusvirusTombusviruse0pathogen
- Gene
- p19-3M VSRe2
- Outcome
- miR168 levele2
- Direction
- inducee2
- Qualifier
- controlling the accumulation of the antiviral AGO1e2
Verbatim
e0“a mutant Tombusvirus p19 VSR (p19-3M)”
e2“Analysis of the infected plants revealed that the mutant p19-3M VSR is able to induce miR168 level controlling the accumulation of the antiviral AGO1”
Claim · model-written summary
The miR168-inducing activity is associated with enhanced accumulation of viral RNAs.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee2
- Gene
- p19-3M VSRe2
- Outcome
- accumulation of viral RNAse3
- Direction
- enhancede3
Verbatim
e2“Analysis of the infected plants revealed that the mutant p19-3M VSR is able to induce miR168 level controlling the accumulation of the antiviral AGO1”
e3“this activity is associated with the enhanced accumulation of viral RNAs”
Claim · model-written summary
Saturating the siRNA-binding capacity of p19 with defective interfering RNAs did not influence miR168-inducing activity.
Verbatim
e2“Analysis of the infected plants revealed that the mutant p19-3M VSR is able to induce miR168 level controlling the accumulation of the antiviral AGO1”
e4“saturation of the siRNA-binding capacity of p19 VSR mediated by defective interfering RNAs did not influence the miR168-inducing activity”
Claim · model-written summary
p19 VSR has two independent silencing suppressor functions, both required to efficiently cope with the RNA-silencing based host defence.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee2
- Gene
- p19 VSRe5
- Outcome
- efficiently cope with the RNA-silencing based host defencee5
- Qualifier
- two independent silencing suppressor functionse5
Verbatim
e2“Analysis of the infected plants revealed that the mutant p19-3M VSR is able to induce miR168 level controlling the accumulation of the antiviral AGO1”
e5“p19 VSR possesses two independent silencing suppressor functions, viral siRNA binding and the miR168-mediated AGO1 control, both of which are required to efficiently cope with the RNA-silencing based host defence”
Claim · model-written summary
p19 VSR protein evolved independent parallel capacities to block the host defence at multiple levels.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee2
- Gene
- p19 VSR proteine6
- Outcome
- block the host defence at multiple levelse6
- Qualifier
- evolved independent parallel capacitiese6
Verbatim
e2“Analysis of the infected plants revealed that the mutant p19-3M VSR is able to induce miR168 level controlling the accumulation of the antiviral AGO1”
e6“p19 VSR protein evolved independent parallel capacities to block the host defence at multiple levels”