Abstract
Cytological studies were made on the highly fertile progenies of the amphiploids (10x=70) produced from the interspecific hybrids between tetraploid (4x=28) and hexaploid (6x=42) species of Avena. These progeny lines were derived through ten to twelve generations of inbreeding and selection for fertility and vigor.Of fifteen lines examined, twelve had chromosome numbers varying from 2n=53 to 58, one had 50 to 52, and two had 42 chromosomes, as the result of chromosomal elimination in the preceding generations. The meiotic behavior of chromosomes was more regular in the plants with 42 chromosomes than in those with 54, 56 or 58 chromosomes. The progeny of the amphiploid oats tended to be cytogenetically stable on either octoploid or hexaploid level.Cytological observations in the F1 hybrids between different octoploid lines revealed that they are mutually different with respect to a few to several chromosomes. Pairing configurations of chromosomes in the F1 hybrids between the octoploid derivatives and the parental hexaploid species suggested that the octoploids possess all the three genomes of the natural hexaploids, although structural modifications have taken place probably in some of the chromosomes. One of the derived hexaploid lines was phenotypically similar to the parental hexaploid species, whereas the other possessed the characteristics of the both tetraploid and hexaploid parents. Cytological data from the testcrosses showed that the derived hexaploids have the same genome constitution with the natural hexaploids, except for one or two structurally modified chromosomes.The consequences of new synthetic oats are discussed in relation to the genome constitution.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Twelve of fifteen lines had chromosome numbers from 2n=53 to 58.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Avena”
e0“Of fifteen lines examined, twelve had chromosome numbers varying from 2n=53 to 58”
Claim · model-written summary
One line had 50 to 52 chromosomes.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Avena”
e0“one had 50 to 52”
e1“Of fifteen lines examined, twelve had chromosome numbers varying from 2n=53 to 58”
Claim · model-written summary
Two lines had 42 chromosomes.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Avena”
e0“two had 42 chromosomes”
Claim · model-written summary
Meiosis was more regular in 42-chromosome plants than in 54-, 56- or 58-chromosome plants.
- Outcome
- meiotic behavior of chromosomese0
- Direction
- more regulare0
- Comparator
- those with 54, 56 or 58 chromosomese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Avena”
e0“The meiotic behavior of chromosomes was more regular in the plants with 42 chromosomes than in those with 54, 56 or 58 chromosomes”
Claim · model-written summary
Amphiploid progeny tended to stabilize at octoploid or hexaploid level.
- Taxon
- oats
Avena sativae0 - Outcome
- cytogenetically stable on either octoploid or hexaploid levele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The progeny of the amphiploid oats tended to be cytogenetically stable on either octoploid or hexaploid level”
Claim · model-written summary
Different octoploid lines differed in several chromosomes.
- Outcome
- mutually different with respect to a few to several chromosomese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Avena”
e0“they are mutually different with respect to a few to several chromosomes”
Claim · model-written summary
Octoploids appear to possess all three natural hexaploid genomes, with some structural modifications.
- Outcome
- possess all the three genomes of the natural hexaploidse0
- Qualifier
- structural modifications have taken place probably in some of the chromosomese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Avena”
e0“the octoploids possess all the three genomes of the natural hexaploids, although structural modifications have taken place probably in some of the chromosomes”
Claim · model-written summary
One derived hexaploid line resembled the parental hexaploid phenotype.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Avena”
e0“One of the derived hexaploid lines was phenotypically similar to the parental hexaploid species”
Claim · model-written summary
Another derived hexaploid line combined traits of both parents.
- Outcome
- possessed the characteristics of the both tetraploid and hexaploid parentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Avena”
e0“the other possessed the characteristics of the both tetraploid and hexaploid parents”
Claim · model-written summary
Derived hexaploids matched natural hexaploid genome constitution except for one or two modified chromosomes.
- Outcome
- same genome constitution with the natural hexaploidse0
- Qualifier
- except for one or two structurally modified chromosomese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Avena”
e0“the derived hexaploids have the same genome constitution with the natural hexaploids, except for one or two structurally modified chromosomes”