Abstract
Abstract The timing of insecticide spray application was evaluated to improve the management of cotton pests. The results showed that early spraying for Heliothis management on cotton in Zambia may not be entirely needed in all seasons and in all cotton growing areas of Zambia. The Heliothis infestation generally increased during the tenth week after germination coinciding with the flowering of cotton so the farmers in most cases could avoid the first or second spray starting at seventh or ninth week after the germination of cotton as currently recommended for routine sprays. In field trials, the economic threshold for Heliothis a key pest of cotton in Zambia was found to be 0.50 eggs per plant, when three to four sprays gave similar yields to five routine sprays. In all trials, the routine five sprays never provided significantly higher yields than scouting‐based treatments. The optimum cotton yields were obtained by applying 30 g a.i./ha with an ‘Electrodyn’ sprayer as compared with 57 ga.i./ha of the same insecticide recommended for conventional spraying in Zambia.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Heliothis infestation generally increased in the tenth week after cotton germination.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Outcome
- Heliothis infestatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
HeliothisOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Heliothis infestation generally increased during the tenth week after germination coinciding with the flowering of cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The economic threshold for Heliothis was 0.50 eggs per plant.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- economic threshold for Heliothise0
- Value
- 0.50 eggs per plante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the economic threshold for Heliothis a key pest of cotton in Zambia was found to be 0.50 eggs per plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Three to four sprays gave yields similar to five routine sprays.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- three to four sprayse0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- five routine sprayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“three to four sprays gave similar yields to five routine sprays”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Five routine sprays never provided significantly higher yields than scouting based treatments.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- routine five sprayse0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- scouting‐based treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“routine five sprays never provided significantly higher yields than scouting‐based treatments”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Electrodyn spraying at 30 g a.i./ha gave optimum cotton yields relative to conventional spraying at 57 ga.i./ha.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- applying 30 g a.i./ha with an ‘Electrodyn’ sprayere0
- Outcome
- optimum cotton yieldse0
- Direction
- optimume0
- Comparator
- 57 ga.i./ha of the same insecticidee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimum cotton yields were obtained by applying 30 g a.i./ha with an ‘Electrodyn’ sprayer as compared with 57 ga.i./ha of the same insecticide recommended for conventional spraying in Zambia”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest early Heliothis sprays may be unnecessary in some seasons and areas.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- early spraying for Heliothis managemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“early spraying for Heliothis management on cotton in Zambia may not be entirely needed in all seasons and in all cotton growing areas of Zambia”
The same questions in other papers
application · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
252 papers in the same direction as this paper · 27 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
279 papers more in this group
See all 283 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.