Abstract
Abstract Volunteer sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) is a major problem in crop rotations which include sunflower. This research was conducted to determine if the problem persists beyond the crop following sunflower and to learn if tillage methods affect populations of volunteer sunflower and annual weeds. Sunflower fields were harvested with a combine in 1973 and 1974 at Rosemount, Minn. Volunteer sunflower and annual weed numbers/ha were determined following five primary tillage treatments in combination with May and June planting of pinto bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and a secondary preplanting rototiller treatment. Counts were made shortly after emergence in permanent 1‐m 2 quadrats through 1977. Plots were rogued to prevent sunflower or weeds from producing seed. The weed seed population in the soil continued to supply weed plants every year, and there was no reduction in the last years of the trials. But volunteer sunflower populations in the 2nd year dropped to 2% of the first year's populations and were nearly 0 in the third and fourth years. Three treatment combinations that eliminated volunteer sunflower in 1 year were: no tillage in October followed by disk, plow, rototill in the spring; disk in October followed by plow, rototill in the spring; and rototill in October and again in the spring. Volunteer sunflower plants in the 1st year after sunflower were most numerous following rototilling in October and least numerous following no tillage in October. Weed plants were most numerous following moldboard plowing in October. About 90% of the volunteer sunflower emerged by 11 to 13 June.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The weed seed population in the soil continued to supply weed plants every year, with no reduction in the last years of the trials.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus
Helianthus annuuse1 - Outcome
- weed seed populatione3
- Qualifier
- no reduction in the last years of the trialse3
- Setting
- Rosemount, Minn.e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Volunteer sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) is a major problem in crop rotations which include sunflower”
e2“Sunflower fields were harvested with a combine in 1973 and 1974 at Rosemount, Minn.”
e3“The weed seed population in the soil continued to supply weed plants every year, and there was no reduction in the last years of the trials”
Claim · model-written summary
Volunteer sunflower populations dropped to 2% of the first-year level in the second year.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuuse1
- Outcome
- volunteer sunflower populationse4
- Direction
- droppede4
- Value
- 2%e4
- Comparator
- first year's populationse4
- Setting
- Rosemount, Minn.e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Volunteer sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) is a major problem in crop rotations which include sunflower”
e2“Sunflower fields were harvested with a combine in 1973 and 1974 at Rosemount, Minn.”
e4“But volunteer sunflower populations in the 2nd year dropped to 2% of the first year's populations and were nearly 0 in the third and fourth years”
Claim · model-written summary
Volunteer sunflower populations were nearly 0 in the third and fourth years.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuuse1
- Outcome
- volunteer sunflower populationse4
- Value
- nearly 0e4
- Qualifier
- in the third and fourth yearse4
- Setting
- Rosemount, Minn.e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Volunteer sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) is a major problem in crop rotations which include sunflower”
e2“Sunflower fields were harvested with a combine in 1973 and 1974 at Rosemount, Minn.”
e4“But volunteer sunflower populations in the 2nd year dropped to 2% of the first year's populations and were nearly 0 in the third and fourth years”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage in October followed by disk, plow and rototill in spring eliminated volunteer sunflower within one year.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- no tillage in October followed by disk, plow, rototill in the springe5
- Outcome
- volunteer sunflowere5
- Direction
- eliminatede5
- Qualifier
- in 1 yeare5
- Setting
- Rosemount, Minn.e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Volunteer sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) is a major problem in crop rotations which include sunflower”
e2“Sunflower fields were harvested with a combine in 1973 and 1974 at Rosemount, Minn.”
e5“Three treatment combinations that eliminated volunteer sunflower in 1 year were: no tillage in October followed by disk, plow, rototill in the spring; disk in October followed by plow, rototill in the spring; and rototill in October and again in the spring”
Claim · model-written summary
Disk in October followed by plow and rototill in spring eliminated volunteer sunflower within one year.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- disk in October followed by plow, rototill in the springe5
- Outcome
- volunteer sunflowere5
- Direction
- eliminatede5
- Qualifier
- in 1 yeare5
- Setting
- Rosemount, Minn.e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Volunteer sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) is a major problem in crop rotations which include sunflower”
e2“Sunflower fields were harvested with a combine in 1973 and 1974 at Rosemount, Minn.”
e5“Three treatment combinations that eliminated volunteer sunflower in 1 year were: no tillage in October followed by disk, plow, rototill in the spring; disk in October followed by plow, rototill in the spring; and rototill in October and again in the spring”
Claim · model-written summary
Rototilling in October and again in spring eliminated volunteer sunflower within one year.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- rototill in October and again in the springe5
- Outcome
- volunteer sunflowere5
- Direction
- eliminatede5
- Qualifier
- in 1 yeare5
- Setting
- Rosemount, Minn.e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Volunteer sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) is a major problem in crop rotations which include sunflower”
e2“Sunflower fields were harvested with a combine in 1973 and 1974 at Rosemount, Minn.”
e5“Three treatment combinations that eliminated volunteer sunflower in 1 year were: no tillage in October followed by disk, plow, rototill in the spring; disk in October followed by plow, rototill in the spring; and rototill in October and again in the spring”
Claim · model-written summary
Volunteer sunflower plants in the first year after sunflower were most numerous following rototilling in October.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- rototilling in Octobere6
- Outcome
- Volunteer sunflower plantse6
- Direction
- most numerouse6
- Qualifier
- in the 1st year after sunflowere6
- Comparator
- no tillage in Octobere6
- Setting
- Rosemount, Minn.e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Volunteer sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) is a major problem in crop rotations which include sunflower”
e2“Sunflower fields were harvested with a combine in 1973 and 1974 at Rosemount, Minn.”
e6“Volunteer sunflower plants in the 1st year after sunflower were most numerous following rototilling in October and least numerous following no tillage in October”
Claim · model-written summary
Volunteer sunflower plants in the first year after sunflower were least numerous following no tillage in October.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- no tillage in Octobere6
- Outcome
- Volunteer sunflower plantse6
- Direction
- least numerouse6
- Qualifier
- in the 1st year after sunflowere6
- Comparator
- rototilling in Octobere6
- Setting
- Rosemount, Minn.e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Volunteer sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) is a major problem in crop rotations which include sunflower”
e2“Sunflower fields were harvested with a combine in 1973 and 1974 at Rosemount, Minn.”
e6“Volunteer sunflower plants in the 1st year after sunflower were most numerous following rototilling in October and least numerous following no tillage in October”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed plants were most numerous following moldboard plowing in October.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- moldboard plowing in Octobere7
- Outcome
- Weed plantse7
- Direction
- most numerouse7
- Setting
- Rosemount, Minn.e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Volunteer sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) is a major problem in crop rotations which include sunflower”
e2“Sunflower fields were harvested with a combine in 1973 and 1974 at Rosemount, Minn.”
e7“Weed plants were most numerous following moldboard plowing in October”
Claim · model-written summary
About 90% of volunteer sunflower emerged by 11 to 13 June.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuuse1
- Outcome
- volunteer sunflower emerged by 11 to 13 Junee3
- Value
- 90%e3
- Setting
- Rosemount, Minn.e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Volunteer sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) is a major problem in crop rotations which include sunflower”
e2“Sunflower fields were harvested with a combine in 1973 and 1974 at Rosemount, Minn.”
e3“About 90% of the volunteer sunflower emerged by 11 to 13 June”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · weed · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.