Abstract
Abstract The nematicidal activities of ammonia-releasing and ammonium compounds were tested against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica in pot, microplot and field experiments. Among ten compounds tested, NH4OH, (NH4)2HPO4 and NH4HCO3 showed greatest nematicidal activity at concentrations of 300 mg N/kg of NH4 or NH2 in pots. NH4OH was found to be the most nematicidal of these compounds. Enclosure of pots containing NH4OH-treated soils in plastic bags reduced the concentration of NH4OH needed to kill the nematodes from 200 mg N/kg in open pots to only 75 mg N/kg. In a microplot experiment, treatment of nematode-infested soil with NH4OH at 70 mg N/kg reduced the root-galling index to 0. In one field experiment, the nematicidal efficacy of NH4OH on tomato plants at doses of 1000 and 2000 kg N/ha was equivalent to those of Telopic C35® or metham sodium in combination with cadusafos. In another field experiment, NH4OH at 500 and 1000 kg N/ha increased tomato yield and at 1000 kg N/ha reduced the galling index, compared with untreated controls. The results suggest that NH4OH may serve as a nematicide in alkaline sandy soils.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Three ammonia compounds had the greatest nematicidal activity in pots.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Treatment
- NH4OH, (NH4)2HPO4 and NH4HCO3e0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae2pathogen
- Outcome
- nematicidal activitye0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Value
- 300 mg N/kge0
- Comparator
- ten compounds testede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NH4OH, (NH4)2HPO4 and NH4HCO3 showed greatest nematicidal activity at concentrations of 300 mg N/kg of NH4 or NH2 in pots”
e1“tomato plants”
e2“Meloidogyne javanica”
e3“Among ten compounds tested”
Claim · model-written summary
NH4OH was the most nematicidal of the three compounds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- NH4OHe0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae2pathogen
- Outcome
- most nematicidale0
- Direction
- moste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NH4OH was found to be the most nematicidal of these compounds”
e1“tomato plants”
e2“Meloidogyne javanica”
Claim · model-written summary
Enclosed pots required 75 mg N/kg NH4OH to kill nematodes versus 200 in open pots.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Enclosure of pots containing NH4OH-treated soils in plastic bagse0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae2pathogen
- Outcome
- concentration of NH4OH needed to kill the nematodese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 75 mg N/kge0
- Qualifier
- 200 mg N/kge0
- Comparator
- open potse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Enclosure of pots containing NH4OH-treated soils in plastic bags reduced the concentration of NH4OH needed to kill the nematodes from 200 mg N/kg in open pots to only 75 mg N/kg”
e1“tomato plants”
e2“Meloidogyne javanica”
Claim · model-written summary
NH4OH at 70 mg N/kg reduced root galling index to zero in a microplot.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- NH4OH at 70 mg N/kge0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae2pathogen
- Outcome
- root-galling indexe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 0e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment of nematode-infested soil with NH4OH at 70 mg N/kg reduced the root-galling index to 0”
e1“tomato plants”
e2“Meloidogyne javanica”
Claim · model-written summary
Field NH4OH at 1000 and 2000 kg N/ha matched comparator nematicides on tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- NH4OH on tomato plants at doses of 1000 and 2000 kg N/hae0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae1pathogen
- Outcome
- nematicidal efficacye0
- Direction
- equivalente0
- Comparator
- Telopic C35® or metham sodium in combination with cadusafose0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nematicidal efficacy of NH4OH on tomato plants at doses of 1000 and 2000 kg N/ha was equivalent to those of Telopic C35® or metham sodium in combination with cadusafos”
e1“Meloidogyne javanica”
Claim · model-written summary
NH4OH at 500 and 1000 kg N/ha increased tomato yield.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- NH4OH at 500 and 1000 kg N/hae0
- Outcome
- tomato yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- untreated controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NH4OH at 500 and 1000 kg N/ha increased tomato yield”
e1“compared with untreated controls”
Claim · model-written summary
NH4OH at 1000 kg N/ha reduced tomato galling index.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- at 1000 kg N/hae0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae2pathogen
- Outcome
- galling indexe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- untreated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at 1000 kg N/ha reduced the galling index, compared with untreated controls”
e1“tomato yield”
e2“Meloidogyne javanica”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest NH4OH as a nematicide in alkaline sandy soils.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- NH4OH may serve as a nematicidee0
- Setting
- alkaline sandy soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NH4OH may serve as a nematicide in alkaline sandy soils”
e1“tomato plants”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
171 papers in the same direction as this paper · 31 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
206 papers more in this group
See all 210 papers →nitrogen · Meloidogyne javanica · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.