Abstract
Rapid generation turnover techniques were used to identify parental, single cross or backcross populations with yield potential in triticale. Both complete (complete rye genome) and substituted (2D/2R substitution) triticale karyotypes were crossed. Temperature and light controlled greenhouses, immature seed germination, embryo culture and off season nurseries were used to advance three generations in 11 months. Due to seed limitations in the early generations, hill-plots were used to measure total dry matter, grain yield and harvest index. Mid-parent, F2 and F3 hill-plot yield was equivalent to or better than dry matter and harvest index for the prediction of F4 hill-plot yield. Both hill-plot yield (r = 0.54) and dry matter (r = 0-51) were significantly correlated (P < 0.01) with large plot grain yield at the same site in the same year. The best predictors of F4 hill-plot yield were mid-parent, F2 and F3 mean hill-plot yield with phenotypic correlations of 0- 26¦ 0.17, 0.3510 -03 and 0.44¦ 0.06 respectively. The F1 (r = -0.02¦0.12) provided no association with F4 hill-plot yield, reflecting the high average heterosis for yield (22%) observed in this material. Mid-parent, F2, F3 and F4 dry matter and yield means were significantly lower in inter-karyotypic crosses than intra-karyotypic crosses; however, the relationship between generations appeared to be independent of karyotype. A response to visual selection of individual spikes from hill-plots was obtained at two sites for dry matter and grain yield.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Mid-parent, F2 and F3 hill-plot yield predicted F4 hill-plot yield at least as well as dry matter and harvest index.
- Taxon
- triticales
×Triticosecalet0 - Outcome
- prediction of F4 hill-plot yielde0
- Direction
- equivalent to or better thane0
- Comparator
- dry matter and harvest indexe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The predictive value of parental, F1 and early generation hill-plot testing for yield among rapidly advanced hexaploid triticales”
e0“Mid-parent, F2 and F3 hill-plot yield was equivalent to or better than dry matter and harvest index for the prediction of F4 hill-plot yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The F1 generation showed no association with F4 hill-plot yield (r = -0.02).
- Taxon
- triticales×Triticosecalet0
- Outcome
- association with F4 hill-plot yielde1
- Value
- -0.02¦0.12e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The predictive value of parental, F1 and early generation hill-plot testing for yield among rapidly advanced hexaploid triticales”
e1“The F1 (r = -0.02¦0.12) provided no association with F4 hill-plot yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Average heterosis for yield in this triticale material was 22%.
- Taxon
- triticales×Triticosecalet0
- Outcome
- average heterosis for yielde2
- Value
- 22%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The predictive value of parental, F1 and early generation hill-plot testing for yield among rapidly advanced hexaploid triticales”
e2“the high average heterosis for yield (22%) observed in this material”
Claim · model-written summary
Hill-plot yield correlated with large-plot grain yield at the same site in the same year (r = 0.54).
- Taxon
- triticales×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- hill-plot yielde3
- Outcome
- large plot grain yielde3
- Value
- r = 0.54e3
- Setting
- at the same site in the same yeare3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The predictive value of parental, F1 and early generation hill-plot testing for yield among rapidly advanced hexaploid triticales”
e3“Both hill-plot yield (r = 0.54) and dry matter (r = 0-51) were significantly correlated (P < 0.01) with large plot grain yield at the same site in the same year”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter correlated with large-plot grain yield at the same site in the same year (r = 0.51).
- Taxon
- triticales×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- dry mattere3
- Outcome
- large plot grain yielde3
- Value
- r = 0-51e3
- Setting
- at the same site in the same yeare3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The predictive value of parental, F1 and early generation hill-plot testing for yield among rapidly advanced hexaploid triticales”
e3“Both hill-plot yield (r = 0.54) and dry matter (r = 0-51) were significantly correlated (P < 0.01) with large plot grain yield at the same site in the same year”
Claim · model-written summary
Mid-parent hill-plot yield was a best predictor of F4 hill-plot yield (phenotypic correlation 0.26).
- Taxon
- triticales×Triticosecalet0
- Outcome
- best predictors of F4 hill-plot yielde4
- Value
- 0- 26¦ 0.17e4
- Qualifier
- mid-parente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The predictive value of parental, F1 and early generation hill-plot testing for yield among rapidly advanced hexaploid triticales”
e4“The best predictors of F4 hill-plot yield were mid-parent, F2 and F3 mean hill-plot yield with phenotypic correlations of 0- 26¦ 0.17, 0.3510 -03 and 0.44¦ 0.06 respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
F2 hill-plot yield was a best predictor of F4 hill-plot yield (phenotypic correlation 0.35).
- Taxon
- triticales×Triticosecalet0
- Outcome
- best predictors of F4 hill-plot yielde4
- Value
- 0.3510 -03e4
- Qualifier
- F2e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The predictive value of parental, F1 and early generation hill-plot testing for yield among rapidly advanced hexaploid triticales”
e4“The best predictors of F4 hill-plot yield were mid-parent, F2 and F3 mean hill-plot yield with phenotypic correlations of 0- 26¦ 0.17, 0.3510 -03 and 0.44¦ 0.06 respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
F3 hill-plot yield was a best predictor of F4 hill-plot yield (phenotypic correlation 0.44).
- Taxon
- triticales×Triticosecalet0
- Outcome
- best predictors of F4 hill-plot yielde4
- Value
- 0.44¦ 0.06e4
- Qualifier
- F3e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The predictive value of parental, F1 and early generation hill-plot testing for yield among rapidly advanced hexaploid triticales”
e4“The best predictors of F4 hill-plot yield were mid-parent, F2 and F3 mean hill-plot yield with phenotypic correlations of 0- 26¦ 0.17, 0.3510 -03 and 0.44¦ 0.06 respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter and yield means were lower in inter-karyotypic crosses than in intra-karyotypic crosses.
- Taxon
- triticales×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- inter-karyotypic crossese5
- Outcome
- dry matter and yield meanse5
- Direction
- lowere5
- Comparator
- intra-karyotypic crossese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The predictive value of parental, F1 and early generation hill-plot testing for yield among rapidly advanced hexaploid triticales”
e5“Mid-parent, F2, F3 and F4 dry matter and yield means were significantly lower in inter-karyotypic crosses than intra-karyotypic crosses”
Claim · model-written summary
The relationship between generations appeared to be independent of karyotype.
- Taxon
- triticales×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- karyotypee6
- Outcome
- relationship between generationse6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The predictive value of parental, F1 and early generation hill-plot testing for yield among rapidly advanced hexaploid triticales”
e6“the relationship between generations appeared to be independent of karyotype”
Claim · model-written summary
Visual selection of individual spikes from hill-plots gave a response for dry matter and grain yield at two sites.
- Taxon
- triticales×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- visual selection of individual spikes from hill-plotse7
- Outcome
- dry matter and grain yielde7
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The predictive value of parental, F1 and early generation hill-plot testing for yield among rapidly advanced hexaploid triticales”
e7“A response to visual selection of individual spikes from hill-plots was obtained at two sites for dry matter and grain yield”