Paper · 1990 · Applied Engineering in Agriculture

Round Bale Wheat Hay Storage Losses

R. L. Huhnke

7
claims
7
verbatim quotes
7
citations
1
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Storage losses in large round bales of wheat hay were evaluated for two stages of forage maturity, two bale types, six storage methods, and two bale orientations. Wheat hay baled in the boot stage of maturity had greater storage losses than bales in the mid-head stage. Fixed-chamber bales in the boot stage had lower dry matter losses than variable-chamber bales. Fixed-chamber bales stored on the ground without covers had a 11.9% dry matter loss while variable-chamber bales had 19.2% loss. Storing fixed-chamber bales on pallets reduced dry matter loss to 7.2%. Bale orientation did not affect dry matter losses, but did affect changes in quality.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Boot-stage wheat hay bales had greater storage losses than mid-head-stage bales.

Organ / stage
boot stage of maturitye0
Outcome
storage lossese0
Direction
greatere0
Comparator
mid-head stagee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Wheat hay baled in the boot stage of maturity had greater storage losses than bales in the mid-head stage.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 163–269 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fixed-chamber boot-stage bales had lower dry matter losses than variable-chamber bales.

Taxon
balese0
Material
Fixed-chamber balese0
Outcome
dry matter lossese0
Direction
lowere0
Comparator
variable-chamber balese0

Verbatim

e0

“Fixed-chamber bales in the boot stage had lower dry matter losses than variable-chamber bales.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 270–364 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Uncovered fixed-chamber bales on the ground lost 11.9% dry matter.

Taxon
balese0
Material
Fixed-chamber balese0
Outcome
dry matter losse0
Value
11.9%e0
Setting
on the ground without coverse0

Verbatim

e0

“Fixed-chamber bales stored on the ground without covers had a 11.9% dry matter loss”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 365–448 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Variable-chamber bales had 19.2% dry matter loss in the stated comparison.

Taxon
balese0
Material
variable-chamber balese0
Outcome
losse0
Value
19.2%e0

Verbatim

e0

“variable-chamber bales had 19.2% loss”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 455–492 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pallet storage reduced fixed-chamber bale dry matter loss to 7.2%.

Taxon
balese0
Treatment
on palletse0
Outcome
dry matter losse0
Direction
reducede0
Value
7.2%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“Storing fixed-chamber bales on pallets reduced dry matter loss to 7.2%.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 494–565 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Bale orientation did not affect dry matter losses.

Taxon
Balee0
Outcome
dry matter lossese0
Direction
did not affecte0

Verbatim

e0

“Bale orientation did not affect dry matter losses”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 566–615 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Bale orientation affected changes in quality.

Taxon
Balee0
Outcome
changes in qualitye0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0

“Bale orientation did not affect dry matter losses, but did affect changes in quality.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 566–651 · show in text ↑