Abstract
Black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) and white spruce (P. glauca (Moench) Voss) plantations, 4–10 years old, were examined for Armillaria root disease. The disease was found in 89% of 27 sample locations, and up to 2% of the trees were recently killed. Armillariaostoyae (Romagn.) Herink was the cause of the disease. Spruce show little reduction in stem height and diameter prior to being killed by the fungus. Lethal infections of A. ostoyae develop primarily at the root collar and are associated with root deformities and small diameters of lateral roots. Root deformities, frequently associated with growing conifer seedlings in containers, are hypothesized to predispose planted spruce to Armillaria root disease.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Armillaria root disease occurred in 89% of 27 sample locations.
PiceaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The disease was found in 89% of 27 sample locations”
t0“Armillariaostoyae in young spruce plantations”
Claim · model-written summary
Up to 2% of trees had recently died.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“up to 2% of the trees were recently killed”
t0“Armillariaostoyae in young spruce plantations”
Claim · model-written summary
Armillariaostoyae was identified as the disease cause.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Armillariaostoyae (Romagn.) Herink was the cause of the disease”
t0“Armillariaostoyae in young spruce plantations”
Claim · model-written summary
Spruce showed little stem height and diameter reduction before death.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spruce show little reduction in stem height and diameter prior to being killed by the fungus”
t0“Armillariaostoyae in young spruce plantations”
Claim · model-written summary
Lethal infections developed mainly at the root collar and accompanied root deformities and small lateral roots.
- Organ / stage
- root collare0
- Interactor
- A. ostoyae
Armillaria ostoyaee0pathogen - Outcome
- root deformities and small diameters of lateral rootse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lethal infections of A. ostoyae develop primarily at the root collar and are associated with root deformities and small diameters of lateral roots”
t0“Armillariaostoyae in young spruce plantations”
Claim · model-written summary
Container-associated root deformities were hypothesized to predispose planted spruce to Armillaria root disease.
- Interactor
- Armillaria
Armillariae0pathogen - Outcome
- predispose planted spruce to Armillaria root diseasee0
- Qualifier
- Root deformitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root deformities, frequently associated with growing conifer seedlings in containers, are hypothesized to predispose planted spruce to Armillaria root disease”
t0“Armillariaostoyae in young spruce plantations”