Abstract
1. The rice seeds or kernels internally infected by Piricularia Oryzae Br. et Cav. or Ophiobolus Miyabeanus Ito et Kuribayashi (Helminthosporium Oryzae Breda de Haan) show generally a visible discoloration which varies froma small spot or a streak to a large area involving the entire surface, sometimes a shriveling.2. Absence of external signs of disease can not be recognized as the conclusive evidence for the fact that the seeds are quite free from internal infection, because the writer has proved the existence of some internal fungous parasites of the rice seeds of healthy appearance by means of the microscopical examination as well as the isolating experiment.3. The salt water selection (1. 1 sp. gr.), a method of selection by means of soaking seeds in a salt solution, seems to be unapplicable to the selection of healthy rice-seeds.4. According to the results of inoculation experiments, Piricularia Oryzae and Ophiobolus Miyabeanus seem to have a power to infect the seeds at any time before and after the flowering period of rice.5. Some parasitic fungi internal of rice seeds, such as Piricularia Oryzae and Ophiobolus Miyabeanus, cause the first occurrence of diseases in the spring, infecting the young seedlings soon after germination.6. Piricularia Oryzae hibernating in rice seeds may not lose its vitalityat least for two years, and Ophiobolus Miyabeanus for four years under the same condition.7. Piricularia Oryzae internal of rice seeds loses its vitality after five minutes in hot water kept at 50°C., while Ophiobolus Miyabeanus at 55°C under the same condition.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Internally infected rice seeds generally show discoloration or shriveling.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Organ / stage
- seeds or kernelse0
- Interactor
- Piricularia Oryzae Br. et Cav.e0pathogen
- Outcome
- visible discoloratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rice seeds or kernels internally infected by Piricularia Oryzae Br. et Cav. or Ophiobolus Miyabeanus Ito et Kuribayashi (Helminthosporium Oryzae Breda de Haan) show generally a visible discoloration which varies froma small spot or a streak to a large area involving the entire surface, sometimes a shriveling.”
Claim · model-written summary
Apparently healthy rice seeds can harbor internal fungal parasites.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- rice seedse0
- Outcome
- internal fungous parasites of the rice seeds of healthy appearancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the writer has proved the existence of some internal fungous parasites of the rice seeds of healthy appearance”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt water selection was judged unsuitable for selecting healthy rice seeds.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- selection of healthy rice-seedse0
- Value
- 1. 1 sp. gr.e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The salt water selection (1. 1 sp. gr.), a method of selection by means of soaking seeds in a salt solution, seems to be unapplicable to the selection of healthy rice-seeds.”
Claim · model-written summary
Piricularia Oryzae may infect rice seeds before and after flowering.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- flowering periode0
- Interactor
- Piricularia Oryzaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- infect the seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piricularia Oryzae and Ophiobolus Miyabeanus seem to have a power to infect the seeds at any time before and after the flowering period of rice.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ophiobolus Miyabeanus may infect rice seeds before and after flowering.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- Ophiobolus Miyabeanuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- infect the seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piricularia Oryzae and Ophiobolus Miyabeanus seem to have a power to infect the seeds at any time before and after the flowering period of rice.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedborne Piricularia Oryzae causes disease in young rice seedlings.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- young seedlingse0
- Interactor
- Piricularia Oryzaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- first occurrence of diseasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Some parasitic fungi internal of rice seeds, such as Piricularia Oryzae and Ophiobolus Miyabeanus, cause the first occurrence of diseases in the spring, infecting the young seedlings soon after germination.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedborne Ophiobolus Miyabeanus causes disease in young rice seedlings.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- young seedlingse0
- Interactor
- Ophiobolus Miyabeanuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- first occurrence of diseasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Some parasitic fungi internal of rice seeds, such as Piricularia Oryzae and Ophiobolus Miyabeanus, cause the first occurrence of diseases in the spring, infecting the young seedlings soon after germination.”
Claim · model-written summary
Piricularia Oryzae in rice seeds may remain viable for at least two years.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- Piricularia Oryzaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- Piricularia Oryzae hibernating in rice seeds may not lose its vitalitye0
- Value
- two yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piricularia Oryzae hibernating in rice seeds may not lose its vitalityat least for two years”
Claim · model-written summary
Ophiobolus Miyabeanus in rice seeds may remain viable for four years.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Ophiobolus Miyabeanuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- Ophiobolus Miyabeanus for four yearse0
- Value
- four yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ophiobolus Miyabeanus for four years under the same condition.”
t0“RICE SEEDS”
Claim · model-written summary
Hot water at 50°C for five minutes kills seedborne Piricularia Oryzae.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- five minutes in hot water kept at 50°C.e0
- Interactor
- Piricularia Oryzaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- Piricularia Oryzae internal of rice seeds loses its vitalitye0
- Direction
- losese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piricularia Oryzae internal of rice seeds loses its vitality after five minutes in hot water kept at 50°C.”
Claim · model-written summary
Hot water at 55°C for five minutes kills seedborne Ophiobolus Miyabeanus.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 55°Ce0
- Interactor
- Ophiobolus Miyabeanuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- Ophiobolus Miyabeanuse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while Ophiobolus Miyabeanus at 55°C under the same condition.”
t0“RICE SEEDS”
The same questions in other papers
heat · organism · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.