Abstract
The effects of powdery mildew (caused by Sphaerotheca fuliginea )on muskmelon seedlings and the efficacy of seed treatment with systemic fungicides were examined under controlled environmental conditions. The fresh weight of seedlings infected with powdery mildew was substantially less than that of uninoculated seedlings 5 weeks after inoculation, and the inoculated seedlings shrivelled 1 week later. The fungicides fenarimol and triadimenol applied to the seeds did not affect germination and suppressed powdery mildew effectively when applied at a rate equivalent to 8 g fungicide product per kg seed. Under conditions moderately conducive to the pathogen, fenarimol markedly reduced disease severity and its effect when applied as a seed treatment was as effective as foliar treatment. When conditions were highly conducive to the pathogen, seed treatment with fenarimol was not effective. Development of powdery mildew and efficacy of the seed treatments were related to soil type: disease developed earlier and more intensely on seedlings grown in sandy soil than those in organic medium, and seed treatment had a more pronounced effect on seedlings grown in sandy soil. The results indicate that fungicidal treatment of muskmelon seeds may offer an adequate means of reducing powdery mildew infections on seedlings.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Powdery mildew infection substantially reduced muskmelon seedling fresh weight after five weeks.
- Taxon
- muskmelon seedlings
.jpg?width=60)
Cucumis melot0 - Treatment
- infected with powdery mildewe0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe0pathogen
- Outcome
- fresh weighte0
- Direction
- substantially lesse0
- Qualifier
- 5 weeks after inoculatione0
- Comparator
- uninoculated seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The fresh weight of seedlings infected with powdery mildew was substantially less than that of uninoculated seedlings 5 weeks after inoculation”
t0“muskmelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated muskmelon seedlings shrivelled one week after the fresh-weight observation.
- Taxon
- muskmelon seedlingsCucumis melot0
- Outcome
- inoculated seedlings shrivellede0
- Qualifier
- 1 week latere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the inoculated seedlings shrivelled 1 week later.”
t0“muskmelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Fenarimol seed treatment did not affect muskmelon germination.
- Taxon
- muskmelon seedlingsCucumis melot0
- Treatment
- fenarimole0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fungicides fenarimol and triadimenol applied to the seeds did not affect germination”
t0“muskmelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Triadimenol seed treatment did not affect muskmelon germination.
- Taxon
- muskmelon seedlingsCucumis melot0
- Treatment
- triadimenole0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fungicides fenarimol and triadimenol applied to the seeds did not affect germination”
t0“muskmelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Fenarimol seed treatment suppressed powdery mildew at 8 g product per kg seed.
- Taxon
- muskmelon seedlingsCucumis melot0
- Treatment
- fenarimole0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe0pathogen
- Outcome
- powdery mildewe0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Qualifier
- 8 g fungicide product per kg seede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fungicides fenarimol and triadimenol applied to the seeds did not affect germination and suppressed powdery mildew effectively when applied at a rate equivalent to 8 g fungicide product per kg seed.”
t0“muskmelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Triadimenol seed treatment suppressed powdery mildew at 8 g product per kg seed.
- Taxon
- muskmelon seedlingsCucumis melot0
- Treatment
- triadimenole0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe0pathogen
- Outcome
- powdery mildewe0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Qualifier
- 8 g fungicide product per kg seede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fungicides fenarimol and triadimenol applied to the seeds did not affect germination and suppressed powdery mildew effectively when applied at a rate equivalent to 8 g fungicide product per kg seed.”
t0“muskmelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Under moderately conducive conditions, fenarimol markedly reduced disease severity.
- Taxon
- muskmelon seedlingsCucumis melot0
- Treatment
- fenarimole0
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- conditions moderately conducive to the pathogene0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under conditions moderately conducive to the pathogen, fenarimol markedly reduced disease severity”
t0“muskmelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Fenarimol seed treatment was as effective as foliar treatment under moderately conducive conditions.
- Taxon
- muskmelon seedlingsCucumis melot0
- Treatment
- seed treatmente0
- Outcome
- effecte0
- Direction
- as effective ase0
- Comparator
- foliar treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“its effect when applied as a seed treatment was as effective as foliar treatment.”
t0“muskmelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Fenarimol seed treatment was ineffective when conditions highly favored the pathogen.
- Taxon
- muskmelon seedlingsCucumis melot0
- Treatment
- seed treatment with fenarimole0
- Outcome
- seed treatment with fenarimol was not effectivee0
- Direction
- not effectivee0
- Qualifier
- conditions were highly conducive to the pathogene0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When conditions were highly conducive to the pathogen, seed treatment with fenarimol was not effective.”
t0“muskmelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Powdery mildew developed earlier and more intensely in sandy soil than organic medium.
- Taxon
- muskmelon seedlingsCucumis melot0
- Outcome
- diseasee0
- Direction
- earlier and more intenselye0
- Comparator
- organic mediume0
- Setting
- sandy soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“disease developed earlier and more intensely on seedlings grown in sandy soil than those in organic medium”
t0“muskmelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment had a more pronounced effect in sandy soil.
- Taxon
- muskmelon seedlingsCucumis melot0
- Treatment
- seed treatmente0
- Outcome
- effecte0
- Direction
- more pronouncede0
- Setting
- sandy soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed treatment had a more pronounced effect on seedlings grown in sandy soil.”
t0“muskmelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest fungicidal muskmelon seed treatment to reduce powdery mildew infection.
- Taxon
- muskmelonCucumis meloe0
- Treatment
- fungicidal treatment of muskmelon seedse0
- Outcome
- reducing powdery mildew infections on seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungicidal treatment of muskmelon seeds may offer an adequate means of reducing powdery mildew infections on seedlings.”
The same questions in other papers
infection · growth · Cucumis melo (muskmelon)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- no effect
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.