Abstract
Abstract Pasture researchers disagree concerning which of two basic methods of establishing grazing intensity (put‐and‐take vs. fixed stocking) leads to valid experimental results. Our purpose was to compare these two methods of determining the influence of grazing intensity on pasture potential of a mixture of Medicago sativa L. and Dactylis glomerata L. We used three grazing levels within each method and measured daily gains of lambs and liveweight gains per ha. The methods yielded similar animal daily gains and liveweight gains per ha over a 3‐year period. An increase within levels of either grazing pressure (put‐and‐take method) or stocking rate (fixed stocking method) caused a decrease in lamb daily gains, accompanied by and increase in liveweight gains per ha. The fixed stocking method resulted in understocking early in a season, which was offset by overstocking late in the season. Fixed stocking gave lower experimental error for lamb daily gain, but the methods had similar errors for gain per ha. After the 1st year alfalfa comprised less of the mixture under light grazing pressures than under heavy pressures. However, by the 3rd year the percentage of alfalfa was nearly identical in all treatments. We concluded that similar results can be obtained via put‐and‐take stocking and fixed stocking, provided the yield potential of the specific pasture type is known . The resources necessary to obtain yield potential of various forages under grazing in advance of a grazing trial represent a major disadvantage of a fixed stocking system.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The stocking methods yielded similar lamb daily and per-hectare liveweight gains over three years.
- Taxon
- Alfalfa
Medicago sativat0 - Treatment
- methodse0
- Outcome
- animal daily gains and liveweight gains per hae0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- 3‐year periode0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The methods yielded similar animal daily gains and liveweight gains per ha over a 3‐year period.”
t0“Alfalfa‐Orchardgrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater grazing pressure or stocking rate decreased lamb daily gains.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- grazing pressuree0
- Outcome
- lamb daily gainse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An increase within levels of either grazing pressure (put‐and‐take method) or stocking rate (fixed stocking method) caused a decrease in lamb daily gains”
t0“Alfalfa‐Orchardgrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater grazing pressure or stocking rate increased liveweight gains per hectare.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- liveweight gains per hae0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedMaterialOrgan / stageTreatmentComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and increase in liveweight gains per ha”
t0“Alfalfa‐Orchardgrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Fixed stocking understocked early and overstocked late in the season.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- understocking early in a season, which was offset by overstocking late in the seasone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fixed stocking method resulted in understocking early in a season, which was offset by overstocking late in the season.”
t0“Alfalfa‐Orchardgrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Fixed stocking produced lower experimental error for lamb daily gain.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- experimental error for lamb daily gaine0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- the methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fixed stocking gave lower experimental error for lamb daily gain, but the methods had similar errors for gain per ha.”
t0“Alfalfa‐Orchardgrass”
Claim · model-written summary
The methods had similar errors for liveweight gain per hectare.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- errors for gain per hae0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- the methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the methods had similar errors for gain per ha.”
t0“Alfalfa‐Orchardgrass”
Claim · model-written summary
After year one, alfalfa made up less of the mixture under light than heavy grazing.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- light grazing pressurese0
- Outcome
- alfalfa comprised less of the mixturee0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Qualifier
- After the 1st yeare0
- Comparator
- heavy pressurese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After the 1st year alfalfa comprised less of the mixture under light grazing pressures than under heavy pressures.”
Claim · model-written summary
By year three, alfalfa percentage was nearly identical across treatments.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Outcome
- percentage of alfalfae0
- Direction
- nearly identicale0
- Qualifier
- 3rd yeare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by the 3rd year the percentage of alfalfa was nearly identical in all treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Either stocking method can yield similar results if pasture yield potential is known.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- similar results can be obtained via put‐and‐take stocking and fixed stockinge0
- Qualifier
- provided the yield potential of the specific pasture type is knowne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“similar results can be obtained via put‐and‐take stocking and fixed stocking, provided the yield potential of the specific pasture type is known”
t0“Alfalfa‐Orchardgrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Fixed stocking has the disadvantage of requiring advance pasture yield-potential estimates.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- major disadvantage of a fixed stocking systeme0
- Qualifier
- resources necessary to obtain yield potential of various forages under grazing in advance of a grazing triale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The resources necessary to obtain yield potential of various forages under grazing in advance of a grazing trial represent a major disadvantage of a fixed stocking system.”
t0“Alfalfa‐Orchardgrass”