Abstract
ABSTRACT To determine the distribution of Stagonospora nodorum and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis on wheat in Ohio, flag leaves with lesions were collected from wheat-producing counties in 2002 and 2003. Counties were arbitrarily grouped into seven regions. Log-linear analysis of pathogen presence within regions indicated that the presence of S. nodorum was independent of the presence of P. tritici-repentis. A logistic analysis revealed that the occurrence of both pathogens varied by region in one or both years. The aggressiveness of S. nodorum isolates was determined by inoculating two susceptible genotypes with a subsample of isolates from each region from both years. S. nodorum isolates obtained from northeast Ohio, with fewer wheat fields, were less aggressive than those from other regions. Isolates obtained from west-central Ohio, surrounded by regions with high wheat production annually, were significantly more aggressive than those obtained in the remaining five regions. Isolates from the five other regions did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) in aggressiveness. Races 1 and 2, and a few race 3 isolates, of P. tritici-repentis were detected in Ohio. The distribution of P. tritici-repentis races 1 and 2 was not associated with any region, although the prevalence of race 1 was three times greater than race 2. The rarer race 3 was associated with three dispersed regions. Results indicate that S. nodorum was the major wheat leaf-blotching pathogen. There were no positive or negative associations of S. nodorum and P. tritici-repentis or individual races of P. tritici-repentis in any of the tested regions, which indicates that neither pathogen can be used to predict the presence of the other. The isolated northeastern corner of Ohio appeared to contain isolates of S. nodorum with unique characteristics and potentially only one race of P. tritici-repentis, indicating that this area may be genetically isolated from the remaining tested areas of the state.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Presence of S. nodorum was independent of P. tritici-repentis presence in sampled wheat regions.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Interactor
- S. nodorum
Parastagonospora nodorume0pathogen - Second interactor
- P. tritici-repentis
Pyrenophora tritici-repentise0pathogen - Outcome
- presence of S. nodorume0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the presence of S. nodorum was independent of the presence of P. tritici-repentis”
e1“on wheat in Ohio”
Claim · model-written summary
Occurrence of both wheat pathogens varied by region in one or both years.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Interactor
- Stagonospora nodorumParastagonospora nodorume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- Pyrenophora tritici-repentisPyrenophora tritici-repentise1pathogen
- Outcome
- occurrence of both pathogense0
- Setting
- regione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the occurrence of both pathogens varied by region in one or both years”
e1“Stagonospora nodorum and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis on wheat in Ohio”
Claim · model-written summary
S. nodorum isolates from northeast Ohio were less aggressive than isolates from other regions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Interactor
- S. nodorumParastagonospora nodorume0pathogen
- Outcome
- less aggressivee0
- Direction
- less aggressivee0
- Setting
- northeast Ohioe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S. nodorum isolates obtained from northeast Ohio, with fewer wheat fields, were less aggressive than those from other regions”
e1“on wheat in Ohio”
Claim · model-written summary
S. nodorum isolates from west-central Ohio were significantly more aggressive than isolates from the five remaining regions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Interactor
- S. nodorumParastagonospora nodorume1pathogen
- Outcome
- more aggressivee0
- Direction
- more aggressivee0
- Comparator
- remaining five regionse0
- Setting
- west-central Ohioe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Isolates obtained from west-central Ohio, surrounded by regions with high wheat production annually, were significantly more aggressive than those obtained in the remaining five regions”
e1“The aggressiveness of S. nodorum isolates”
e2“on wheat in Ohio”
Claim · model-written summary
S. nodorum isolates from the other five regions did not differ significantly in aggressiveness.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Interactor
- S. nodorumParastagonospora nodorume1pathogen
- Outcome
- aggressivenesse0
- Direction
- did not differe0
- Setting
- five other regionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Isolates from the five other regions did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) in aggressiveness”
e1“The aggressiveness of S. nodorum isolates”
e2“on wheat in Ohio”
Claim · model-written summary
Races 1, 2, and a few race 3 isolates of P. tritici-repentis were detected in Ohio.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Interactor
- P. tritici-repentisPyrenophora tritici-repentise0pathogen
- Outcome
- Races 1 and 2, and a few race 3 isolates, of P. tritici-repentis were detectede0
- Setting
- Ohioe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Races 1 and 2, and a few race 3 isolates, of P. tritici-repentis were detected in Ohio”
e1“on wheat in Ohio”
Claim · model-written summary
P. tritici-repentis races 1 and 2 were not associated with a region.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Interactor
- P. tritici-repentisPyrenophora tritici-repentise0pathogen
- Outcome
- distribution of P. tritici-repentis races 1 and 2e0
- Setting
- regione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The distribution of P. tritici-repentis races 1 and 2 was not associated with any region”
e1“on wheat in Ohio”
Claim · model-written summary
Race 1 prevalence was three times race 2 prevalence.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Interactor
- P. tritici-repentisPyrenophora tritici-repentise1pathogen
- Outcome
- prevalence of race 1e0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- three timese0
- Comparator
- race 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the prevalence of race 1 was three times greater than race 2”
e1“P. tritici-repentis races 1 and 2”
e2“on wheat in Ohio”
Claim · model-written summary
The rarer race 3 was associated with three dispersed regions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Interactor
- P. tritici-repentisPyrenophora tritici-repentise1pathogen
- Outcome
- race 3 was associated with three dispersed regionse0
- Setting
- three dispersed regionse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rarer race 3 was associated with three dispersed regions”
e1“P. tritici-repentis races 1 and 2”
e2“on wheat in Ohio”
Claim · model-written summary
S. nodorum was the major wheat leaf blotch pathogen.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- S. nodorumParastagonospora nodorume0pathogen
- Outcome
- major wheat leaf-blotching pathogene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S. nodorum was the major wheat leaf-blotching pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Neither pathogen predicted the presence of the other in tested regions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Interactor
- S. nodorumParastagonospora nodorume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. tritici-repentisPyrenophora tritici-repentise0pathogen
- Outcome
- associations of S. nodorum and P. tritici-repentise0
- Setting
- tested regionse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were no positive or negative associations of S. nodorum and P. tritici-repentis or individual races of P. tritici-repentis in any of the tested regions, which indicates that neither pathogen can be used to predict the presence of the other”
e1“on wheat in Ohio”
Claim · model-written summary
Northeastern Ohio may be genetically isolated based on unique S. nodorum isolates and potentially one P. tritici-repentis race.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Interactor
- S. nodorumParastagonospora nodorume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. tritici-repentisPyrenophora tritici-repentise0pathogen
- Outcome
- unique characteristics and potentially only one race of P. tritici-repentise0
- Setting
- northeastern corner of Ohioe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The isolated northeastern corner of Ohio appeared to contain isolates of S. nodorum with unique characteristics and potentially only one race of P. tritici-repentis, indicating that this area may be genetically isolated from the remaining tested areas of the state”
e1“on wheat in Ohio”