Abstract
Abstract Crop simulation models are important tools for agronomic management strategy evaluation, particularly under rainfed conditions. This paper describes the structure and testing of OILCROP‐SUN, a process‐oriented model of the sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) crop. The model simulates organ biomass and N content, leaf area index, and soil water and N balances with a daily time step. Daily weather data, soil physical and chemical characteristics, and initial contents of water and N are required inputs. Three cultivar‐specific parameters synthesize crop responses to temperature and photoperiod during development, and two cultivar‐speciflc parameters define potential grain number per capitulum and potential kernel growth rate. Tested against independent data sets, the model generated good predictions of the durations of the sowing‐emergence (range 7 to 32 d; root mean square error [RMSE], observed vs. simulated: 3.7 d) and emergence‐anthesis phases (range 52 to 146 d; RMSE between 2.9 and 4.3 d, depending on the cultivar). The model also simulated seasonal crop biomass and leaf area dynamics for irrigated and rainfed crops sown at two densities satisfactorily, as well as aerial biomass (range 5 to 15 t ha −1 ; RMSE 1.7 ha −1 ) and grain yield at maturity (range 1.0 to 6.2 t ha −1 ; RMSE 0.8 t ha −1 ) for irrigated and rainfed crops sown at a range of population densities (0.5 to 10 plants m −2 ). We conclude that OILCROP‐SUN can be used to simulate biomass and grain yields over a wide range of conditions.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
The model predicted sowing to emergence duration with RMSE 3.7 d.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Outcome
- durations of the sowing‐emergencee0
- Value
- 3.7 de0
- Comparator
- observed vs. simulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“good predictions of the durations of the sowing‐emergence (range 7 to 32 d; root mean square error [RMSE], observed vs. simulated: 3.7 d)”
t0“sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
The model predicted emergence to anthesis with RMSE 2.9 to 4.3 d.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- emergence‐anthesis phasese0
- Value
- 2.9 and 4.3 de0
- Qualifier
- depending on the cultivare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“emergence‐anthesis phases (range 52 to 146 d; RMSE between 2.9 and 4.3 d, depending on the cultivar)”
t0“sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
The model satisfactorily simulated seasonal crop biomass dynamics.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- seasonal crop biomasse0
- Value
- satisfactorilye0
- Qualifier
- irrigated and rainfed crops sown at two densitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The model also simulated seasonal crop biomass and leaf area dynamics for irrigated and rainfed crops sown at two densities satisfactorily”
t0“sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
The model satisfactorily simulated leaf area dynamics.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- leaf area dynamicse0
- Value
- satisfactorilye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The model also simulated seasonal crop biomass and leaf area dynamics for irrigated and rainfed crops sown at two densities satisfactorily”
t0“sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
The model predicted aerial biomass with RMSE 1.7 ha −1.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- aerial biomasse0
- Value
- 1.7 ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aerial biomass (range 5 to 15 t ha −1 ; RMSE 1.7 ha −1 )”
t0“sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
The model predicted grain yield with RMSE 0.8 t ha −1.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- grain yield at maturitye0
- Value
- 0.8 t ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield at maturity (range 1.0 to 6.2 t ha −1 ; RMSE 0.8 t ha −1 )”
t0“sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors conclude the model can simulate biomass and grain yield across broad conditions.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- simulate biomass and grain yields over a wide range of conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OILCROP‐SUN can be used to simulate biomass and grain yields over a wide range of conditions”
t0“sunflower”