Abstract
Fifteen species of Ranunculaceae under eight genera have been studied, mostly collected from different regions of Ooty and Kodaikanal of Western Ghats. First record of chromosome numbers has been made in Ranunculus wallichianus, R. subpinnatus, R. reniformis, Clematis wightianus, Thalictrum dalzellii and T. saniculaeforme. On the basis of previous and present cytological data, there are n=7 and n=8 series in Ranunculus. All the species of Ranunculus studied here are higher polyploids and both aneuploidy and euploidy play important role in speciation.The previous karyological analyses of Anemone reveal two distinct series, one with n=8 and the other n=7. Both A. rivalaris and A. japonica have 2n=24 chromosomes and they should have derived from n=8 series. Both in the larger size and the same number of chromosomes, Naravelia zeylanica and Clematis wightianus are related together.The presence of fewer number of chromosomes and larger size of them indicates that Nigella damascena is a primitive species. All the three species of Thalictrum, namely T. javanicum, T. dalzellii and T. saniculaeforme possess 2n=16 chromosomes and perhaps, these taxa are diploids derived from n=8 series. The chromosomes are comparatively smaller in size in all these species.Aquilegia canadensis has 2n=32 chromosomes. This may be a polyploid and it should have originated from n=8 basic chromosome series.The population of Delphinium ajacis studied here is a diploid and that of D. belladonna a triploid and the basic chromosome number in Delphinium may be n=8. As far as this genus is concerned, higher polyploidy plays important role in specification.In general, the taxa of Ranunculaceae studied show a wide range of chromo-some numbers from 2n=12 to 2n=46. As most of the taxa studied show either 2n=16 or multiples of n=8, the basic number of the family may be n=8 and the other basic numbers should have derived from it. The species are highly variable and polyphyletic in nature, as evidenced by the wide range of chromosome numbers, chromosome sizes and total chromosome lengths of various species studied.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
First chromosome numbers recorded for Ranunculus wallichianus, R. subpinnatus and R. reniformis.
Verbatim
e0“First record of chromosome numbers has been made in Ranunculus wallichianus, R. subpinnatus, R. reniformis”
Claim · model-written summary
First chromosome number recorded for Clematis wightianus.
Verbatim
e0“First record of chromosome numbers has been made in Ranunculus wallichianus, R. subpinnatus, R. reniformis, Clematis wightianus, Thalictrum dalzellii and T. saniculaeforme”
Claim · model-written summary
First chromosome numbers recorded for Thalictrum dalzellii and T. saniculaeforme.
Verbatim
e0“First record of chromosome numbers has been made in Ranunculus wallichianus, R. subpinnatus, R. reniformis, Clematis wightianus, Thalictrum dalzellii and T. saniculaeforme”
Claim · model-written summary
Ranunculus has n=7 and n=8 chromosome series.
- Taxon
- Ranunculus
.jpg?width=60)
Ranunculuse0 - Outcome
- n=7 and n=8 seriese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“On the basis of previous and present cytological data, there are n=7 and n=8 series in Ranunculus”
Claim · model-written summary
All Ranunculus species studied are higher polyploids.
- Taxon
- RanunculusRanunculuse0
- Outcome
- higher polyploidse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the species of Ranunculus studied here are higher polyploids”
Claim · model-written summary
Aneuploidy and euploidy are asserted to play an important role in Ranunculus speciation.
- Taxon
- RanunculusRanunculuse0
- Outcome
- speciatione0
- Qualifier
- both aneuploidy and euploidye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the species of Ranunculus studied here are higher polyploids and both aneuploidy and euploidy play important role in speciation”
Claim · model-written summary
The previous karyological analyses of Anemone show two distinct chromosome series, n=8 and n=7.
- Outcome
- two distinct seriese0
AnemoneOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The previous karyological analyses of Anemone reveal two distinct series, one with n=8 and the other n=7”
Claim · model-written summary
Anemone rivularis and A. japonica have 2n=24 chromosomes.
Verbatim
e0“Both A. rivalaris and A. japonica have 2n=24 chromosomes”
Claim · model-written summary
Anemone rivularis and A. japonica are assumed to have derived from the n=8 series.
Verbatim
e1“Both A. rivalaris and A. japonica have 2n=24 chromosomes and they should have derived from n=8 series”
Claim · model-written summary
Naravelia zeylanica and Clematis wightianus are related, given their larger size and the same chromosome number.
Verbatim
e0“Both in the larger size and the same number of chromosomes, Naravelia zeylanica and Clematis wightianus are related together”
Claim · model-written summary
Nigella damascena is a primitive species, indicated by its fewer and larger chromosomes.
- Taxon
- Nigella damascena
Nigella damascenae0 - Outcome
- primitive speciese0
- Qualifier
- fewer number of chromosomes and larger sizee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The presence of fewer number of chromosomes and larger size of them indicates that Nigella damascena is a primitive species”
Claim · model-written summary
Thalictrum javanicum, T. dalzellii and T. saniculaeforme possess 2n=16 chromosomes; they are perhaps diploids derived from the n=8 series.
Verbatim
e0“All the three species of Thalictrum, namely T. javanicum, T. dalzellii and T. saniculaeforme possess 2n=16 chromosomes and perhaps, these taxa are diploids derived from n=8 series”
Claim · model-written summary
Aquilegia canadensis has 2n=32 chromosomes and may be a polyploid.
- Taxon
- Aquilegia canadensis
Aquilegia canadensise0 - Outcome
- has 2n=32 chromosomese0
- Value
- 2n=32e0
- Qualifier
- may be a polyploide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aquilegia canadensis has 2n=32 chromosomes. This may be a polyploid and it should have originated from n=8 basic chromosome series”
Claim · model-written summary
The Delphinium ajacis population is diploid.
- Taxon
- Delphinium ajacis
Delphinium ajacise0 - Outcome
- is a diploide0
- Value
- diploide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The population of Delphinium ajacis studied here is a diploid and that of D. belladonna a triploid”
Claim · model-written summary
The D. belladonna population is triploid.
- Taxon
- D. belladonnaDelphinium belladonnae0
- Outcome
- a triploide0
- Value
- triploide0
Verbatim
e0“The population of Delphinium ajacis studied here is a diploid and that of D. belladonna a triploid”
Claim · model-written summary
The basic chromosome number in Delphinium may be n=8.
- Taxon
- Delphinium
-_a_toxic_-_non-edible_plant_with_an_amazing_flower_endemic_to_CA._It_is_found_in_the_Bay_Area_and_places_north._This_was_taken_along_Coulter_Pine_trail_in_the_fo_(14000174461).jpg?width=60)
Delphiniume0 - Outcome
- basic chromosome numbere0
- Value
- n=8e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
-_a_toxic_-_non-edible_plant_with_an_amazing_flower_endemic_to_CA._It_is_found_in_the_Bay_Area_and_places_north._This_was_taken_along_Coulter_Pine_trail_in_the_fo_(14000174461).jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the basic chromosome number in Delphinium may be n=8”
Claim · model-written summary
Ranunculaceae taxa show a wide range of chromosome numbers, from 2n=12 to 2n=46.
- Taxon
- RanunculaceaeRanunculaceaee0
- Outcome
- chromo-some numberse0
- Value
- 2n=12 to 2n=46e0
Verbatim
e0“In general, the taxa of Ranunculaceae studied show a wide range of chromo-some numbers from 2n=12 to 2n=46”
Claim · model-written summary
The basic number of the Ranunculaceae family may be n=8.
- Taxon
- RanunculaceaeRanunculaceaee0
- Outcome
- basic number of the familye0
- Value
- n=8e0
Verbatim
e0“In general, the taxa of Ranunculaceae studied show a wide range of chromo-some numbers from 2n=12 to 2n=46. As most of the taxa studied show either 2n=16 or multiples of n=8, the basic number of the family may be n=8”
Claim · model-written summary
Ranunculaceae species are highly variable and polyphyletic.
Verbatim
e0“The species are highly variable and polyphyletic in nature”