Paper · 1971 · Crop Science

Effects of Seed Size on Seedling Performance in Soybeans. I. Seedling Growth and Respiration in the Dark1

J. S. Burris; A. H. Wahab; O. T. Edje

7
claims
15
verbatim quotes
32
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Growth and respiratory rates were compared in four cultivars and in four seed sizes of soybeans. The larger seed produced larger embryos, although the relative rate of dry matter accumulation did not vary appreciably. The percentage of cotyledonary dry weight loss was inversely related to seed size. However, the ratio of embryo growth to cotyledonary loss was not significantly different between sizes. The large seed exhibited a higher respiratory rate both in the cotyledons and in the root‐shoot axis, although these differences were not obvious until after 3 days of growth. Total embryo length at 7 days was optimum at an intermediate size, while the shoot growth increased with decreasing size at the expense of radical growth.

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Claims 7

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Larger soybean seeds produced larger embryos.

Taxon
SoybeansGlycine maxt1
Treatment
larger seede1
Outcome
embryose1
Direction
largere1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“The larger seed produced larger embryos, although the relative rate of dry matter accumulation did not vary appreciably”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 97–216 · show in text ↑
t1

“Seed Size on Seedling Performance in Soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 11–56 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The relative rate of dry matter accumulation of soybean seedlings did not vary appreciably with seed size.

Taxon
SoybeansGlycine maxt1
Treatment
larger seede1
Outcome
relative rate of dry matter accumulatione1
Direction
did not vary appreciablye1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“The larger seed produced larger embryos, although the relative rate of dry matter accumulation did not vary appreciably”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 97–216 · show in text ↑
t1

“Seed Size on Seedling Performance in Soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 11–56 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The percentage of cotyledonary dry weight loss decreased as seed size increased.

Taxon
SoybeansGlycine maxt1
Treatment
seed sizee2
Outcome
percentage of cotyledonary dry weight losse2
Direction
decreaseinferrede2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e2

“The percentage of cotyledonary dry weight loss was inversely related to seed size”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 218–299 · show in text ↑
t1

“Seed Size on Seedling Performance in Soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 11–56 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The ratio of embryo growth to cotyledonary loss did not differ significantly between seed sizes.

Taxon
SoybeansGlycine maxt1
Treatment
seed sizee2
Outcome
ratio of embryo growth to cotyledonary losse3
Direction
not significantly differente3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e3

“the ratio of embryo growth to cotyledonary loss was not significantly different between sizes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 310–403 · show in text ↑
e2

“The percentage of cotyledonary dry weight loss was inversely related to seed size”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 218–299 · show in text ↑
t1

“Seed Size on Seedling Performance in Soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 11–56 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The large seed had a higher respiratory rate in the cotyledons and the root-shoot axis, not obvious until after 3 days of growth.

Taxon
SoybeansGlycine maxt1
Organ / stage
cotyledonse4
Treatment
large seede4
Outcome
respiratory ratee4
Direction
highere4
Qualifier
these differences were not obvious until after 3 days of growthe4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e4

“The large seed exhibited a higher respiratory rate both in the cotyledons and in the root‐shoot axis, although these differences were not obvious until after 3 days of growth”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 405–579 · show in text ↑
t1

“Seed Size on Seedling Performance in Soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 11–56 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Total embryo length at 7 days was optimum at an intermediate seed size.

Taxon
SoybeansGlycine maxt1
Treatment
intermediate sizee5
Outcome
Total embryo lengthe5
Direction
optimume5
Qualifier
at 7 dayse5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e5

“Total embryo length at 7 days was optimum at an intermediate size, while the shoot growth increased with decreasing size at the expense of radical growth”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 581–734 · show in text ↑
t1

“Seed Size on Seedling Performance in Soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 11–56 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Shoot growth increased as seed size decreased, at the expense of radicle growth.

Taxon
SoybeansGlycine maxt1
Treatment
decreasing sizee5
Outcome
shoot growthe5
Direction
increasede5
Qualifier
at the expense of radical growthe5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e5

“Total embryo length at 7 days was optimum at an intermediate size, while the shoot growth increased with decreasing size at the expense of radical growth”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 581–734 · show in text ↑
t1

“Seed Size on Seedling Performance in Soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 11–56 · show in text ↑