Abstract
In the southern USA, determinate soybean grown in row spacings (RS) of 50 cm or less generally produce higher yields than that grown in RS of 75 to 100 cm. However, the Early Soybean Production System (ESPS) commonly employs indeterminate cultivars in environments with limited rainfall. This study was conducted to determine whether RS affects seed yield in the ESPS. Twenty‐one field experiments were conducted from 1984 to 1997 at sites in Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas to determine the effect of RS on seed yield in the ESPS. Row spacings of 80 and 40 cm were compared in seven tests; of 75, 50, and 25 cm in six tests; of 75 and 25 cm in one test; of 100, 50, and 25 cm in four tests; and of 100 and 25 cm in three tests. One to five Maturity Group (MG) III and IV indeterminate cultivars were planted in a given test. Based on similarity of treatments and experimental designs, each field test was assigned to one of 10 environmental clusters (EC). Five EC showed a significant (17–36%) yield increase as RS narrowed. Of the other five EC, three had nonsignificant yield increases, one had virtually no yield change, and one had a nonsignificant yield decrease as RS narrowed. Yield was most responsive to RS when the total July and August rainfall ranged from 100 to 270 mm. These results suggest that narrow rows (≤40 cm) should be used to optimize yields from ESPS plantings in the midsouthern USA.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Five environmental clusters had significant yield gains of 17–36% as rows narrowed.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- RS narrowede0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 17–36%e0
- Qualifier
- Five ECe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Five EC showed a significant (17–36%) yield increase as RS narrowed.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Three other clusters had nonsignificant yield increases with narrower rows.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“three had nonsignificant yield increases”
e1“one had a nonsignificant yield decrease as RS narrowed.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
One cluster had virtually no yield change with narrower rows.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- RS narrowede1
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- virtually no yield changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“one had virtually no yield change”
e1“one had a nonsignificant yield decrease as RS narrowed.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
One cluster had a nonsignificant yield decrease with narrower rows.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- RS narrowede0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“one had a nonsignificant yield decrease as RS narrowed.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield responded most to row spacing at 100 to 270 mm July and August rainfall.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Yielde0
- Direction
- most responsivee0
- Value
- 100 to 270 mme0
- Setting
- July and August rainfalle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield was most responsive to RS when the total July and August rainfall ranged from 100 to 270 mm.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend rows at most 40 cm to optimize ESPS yields in the midsouthern USA.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- narrow rows (≤40 cm) should be used to optimize yieldse0
- Setting
- midsouthern USAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“narrow rows (≤40 cm) should be used to optimize yields from ESPS plantings in the midsouthern USA.”
t0“Soybean”