Abstract
In Canada, Waitea circinata was first identified from buckwheat (Fagopyrum sp.) in 1965 in Ontario (4). In 2004, the fungus was found on diseased putting greens of Poa annua and Agrostis stolonifera near Toronto, Ontario (2). In late July 2009, symptoms on A. stolonifera resembling those of brown ring patch were seen at a golf course in Kelowna, British Columbia. Brown rings with light-colored, cottony growth were observed on a putting green with mixed P. annua and A. stolonifera, originally seeded with A. stolonifera cv. Penncross. Following a short incubation of the diseased grass at 25°C, hyphae of a Rhizoctonia-like fungus, not matching the characteristics of R. cerealis or R. solani, were seen. Symptomatic leaves were surface sterilized in 1% hypochlorite and plated onto potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with streptomycin. After 1 week at 23°C, the plates contained white colonies that were 5 cm across. DNA was extracted and amplified with primers ITS1/ITS4 and sequenced with ITS1. The 600-bp sequence (deposited in GenBank as GU176409) from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA showed a 100% match in the overlapping range with sequence FJ755879 from GenBank, which is annotated as W. circinata var. circinata. Pathogenicity was tested at 23°C by inoculating 3-week-old A. stolonifera 'Penncross' plants grown in Magenta boxes and incubated for 15 days after inoculation with ground wheat seed inoculum of W. circinata. Within 1 week, significant blighting of leaves and sheaths was observed as well as spherical orange brown sclerotia that were 2 to 5 mm in diameter on sheaths. These sclerotial features match characteristics of W. circinata var. circinata (1). Symptomatic leaves were plated on PDA and fungal growth characteristic of W. circinata was recovered. W. circinata was previously reported as the causal agent of brown ring patch on A. stolonifera in Japan (3), as a pathogen of P. annua in the United States (1), and as a pathogen of both species in Ontario, Canada (2). To our knowledge, this is the first report of W. circinata from turfgrass in western Canada. References: (1) C. M. Chen et al. Plant Dis. 93:906. 2009. (2) T. Hsiang and P. Masilamany. Plant Pathol. J. 56:350, 2007. (3) T. Toda et al. Plant. Dis. 89:536, 2005. (4) O. Vaartaja. Bi-Mon. Progr. Rep. Can. Dep. For. 21(5):2. 1965.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Brown rings and fungal growth were observed on mixed turfgrass in Kelowna.
- Taxon
- A. stolonifera
Agrostis stoloniferae0 - Outcome
- Brown rings with light-colored, cottony growthe0
- Setting
- putting greene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brown rings with light-colored, cottony growth were observed on a putting green with mixed P. annua and A. stolonifera”
Claim · model-written summary
The fungal ITS sequence matched annotated W. circinata var. circinata completely.
- Taxon
- A. stoloniferaAgrostis stoloniferae1
- Interactor
- W. circinata var. circinataWaitea circinatae0pathogen
- Outcome
- match in the overlapping rangee0
- Value
- 100%e0
- Comparator
- sequence FJ755879e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 600-bp sequence (deposited in GenBank as GU176409) from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA showed a 100% match in the overlapping range with sequence FJ755879 from GenBank, which is annotated as W. circinata var. circinata.”
t0“Turfgrass”
e1“Brown rings with light-colored, cottony growth were observed on a putting green with mixed P. annua and A. stolonifera”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated A. stolonifera developed significant blighting and sclerotia.
- Taxon
- A. stoloniferaAgrostis stoloniferae1
- Organ / stage
- leaves and sheathse0
- Treatment
- inoculatinge2
- Interactor
- W. circinataWaitea circinatae2pathogent0
- Outcome
- significant blighting of leaves and sheathse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Within 1 week, significant blighting of leaves and sheaths was observed as well as spherical orange brown sclerotia that were 2 to 5 mm in diameter on sheaths.”
t0“Waitea circinata from Turfgrass”
e1“Brown rings with light-colored, cottony growth were observed on a putting green with mixed P. annua and A. stolonifera”
e2“Pathogenicity was tested at 23°C by inoculating 3-week-old A. stolonifera 'Penncross' plants grown in Magenta boxes and incubated for 15 days after inoculation with ground wheat seed inoculum of W. circinata.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sclerotia on inoculated sheaths measured 2 to 5 mm.
- Taxon
- A. stoloniferaAgrostis stoloniferae1
- Organ / stage
- sheathse0
- Outcome
- sclerotiae0
- Value
- 2 to 5 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spherical orange brown sclerotia that were 2 to 5 mm in diameter on sheaths.”
t0“Turfgrass”
e1“Brown rings with light-colored, cottony growth were observed on a putting green with mixed P. annua and A. stolonifera”
Claim · model-written summary
The fungus was recovered from symptomatic turfgrass leaves.
- Taxon
- A. stoloniferaAgrostis stoloniferae1
- Interactor
- W. circinataWaitea circinatae0pathogen
- Outcome
- fungal growth characteristic of W. circinata was recoverede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Symptomatic leaves were plated on PDA and fungal growth characteristic of W. circinata was recovered.”
t0“Turfgrass”
e1“Brown rings with light-colored, cottony growth were observed on a putting green with mixed P. annua and A. stolonifera”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors report W. circinata on western Canadian turfgrass for the first time.
- Taxon
- turfgrasse0
- Interactor
- W. circinataWaitea circinatae0pathogen
- Outcome
- first report of W. circinata from turfgrass in western Canadae0
- Setting
- western Canadae0
Verbatim
e0“this is the first report of W. circinata from turfgrass in western Canada.”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Waitea circinata · Agrostis stolonifera (creeping bent grass)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.