Abstract
In April and July 1999, cantaloupe plants (Cucumis melo) from commercial greenhouses and fields in Grady, Colquitt, Mitchell, and Tift counties, GA, exhibited severe foliar necrosis and a fruit rot. Foliar symptoms were V-shaped, necrotic lesions occurring at the margin of the leaf and extending inward toward the midrib. Symptoms on the fruit surface were observed after net development and occurred randomly as round, necrotic, sunken spots or cracks a few millimeters in diameter. A soft rot originating from lesions on the surface of the fruit expanded into the flesh. Approximately 5% of the fruits were affected. Bacteria recovered from cantaloupe fruit and leaf tissues produced nonfluorescent, smooth, off-white colonies on King's medium B. Characteristic of Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli, the bacteria produced pits in carboxymethyl cellulose media (WFB 44), and reduced Tween 80 to give a visible precipitate on WFB 68 media (1). Based on fatty acid analysis, all strains were identified as A. avenae subsp. citrulli by Microbial Identification System software, version 3.6 (MIDI, Newark, DE), and similarity indices of 0.06, 0.79, 0.21, and 0.43 were recorded for strains recovered form Grady, Tift, Colquitt, and Mitchell counties, respectively. Using specific oligonucleotide primers (WFB 1/2) (2), PCR conducted on DNA from each strain yielded a 390-bp DNA fragment, confirming similarity to A. avenae subsp. citrulli. Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with genus-specific antibodies also verified that the bacteria were Acidovorax spp. Pathogenicity of the A. avenae subsp. citrulli strains was confirmed by inoculating and observing symptom development on 2-week-old watermelon seedlings. Although all strains were identified and confirmed as A. avenae subsp. citrulli, restriction fragment length polymorphism data indicated that the Tift County strain was distinguishable from the others, suggesting that inoculum for these outbreaks may have originated from at least two different sources. References: (1) R. D. Gitaitis. 1993. Development of a seedborne assay for watermelon fruit botch. Pages 9-18 in: Proc. 1st Int. Seed Testing Assoc. Plant Dis. Commit., Ottawa, Canada. (2) R. R. Walcott and R. D. Gitaitis. (Abstr.) Phytopathology 88(suppl.):S92, 1998.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Cantaloupe plants in Georgia showed severe foliar necrosis and fruit rot.
- Taxon
- cantaloupe
Cucumis melo var. cantalupoe0 - Outcome
- severe foliar necrosis and a fruit rote0
- Setting
- Grady, Colquitt, Mitchell, and Tift counties, GAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cantaloupe plants (Cucumis melo) from commercial greenhouses and fields in Grady, Colquitt, Mitchell, and Tift counties, GA, exhibited severe foliar necrosis and a fruit rot”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar lesions were V shaped, necrotic, and extended from the leaf margin toward the midrib.
- Taxon
- CantaloupeCucumis melo var. cantalupot0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- V-shaped, necrotic lesions occurring at the margin of the leaf and extending inward toward the midribe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cantaloupe”
e0“Foliar symptoms were V-shaped, necrotic lesions occurring at the margin of the leaf and extending inward toward the midrib”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit surface symptoms after net development were round, necrotic, sunken spots or cracks.
- Taxon
- CantaloupeCucumis melo var. cantalupot0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Outcome
- round, necrotic, sunken spots or crackse0
- Qualifier
- after net developmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cantaloupe”
e0“Symptoms on the fruit surface were observed after net development and occurred randomly as round, necrotic, sunken spots or cracks a few millimeters in diameter”
Claim · model-written summary
A soft rot extended from surface fruit lesions into the flesh.
- Taxon
- CantaloupeCucumis melo var. cantalupot0
- Outcome
- A soft rot originating from lesions on the surface of the fruit expanded into the fleshe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cantaloupe”
e0“A soft rot originating from lesions on the surface of the fruit expanded into the flesh”
Claim · model-written summary
Approximately 5% of fruits were affected.
- Taxon
- CantaloupeCucumis melo var. cantalupot0
- Outcome
- fruits were affectede0
- Value
- 5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cantaloupe”
e0“Approximately 5% of the fruits were affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacteria from cantaloupe tissues formed nonfluorescent smooth off white colonies on King’s medium B.
- Taxon
- cantaloupeCucumis melo var. cantalupoe0
- Outcome
- nonfluorescent, smooth, off-white colonies on King's medium Be0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bacteria recovered from cantaloupe fruit and leaf tissues produced nonfluorescent, smooth, off-white colonies on King's medium B”
Claim · model-written summary
Recovered bacteria produced pits in carboxymethyl cellulose media.
- Taxon
- CantaloupeCucumis melo var. cantalupot0
- Outcome
- the bacteria produced pits in carboxymethyl cellulose mediae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cantaloupe”
e0“the bacteria produced pits in carboxymethyl cellulose media (WFB 44)”
Claim · model-written summary
Recovered bacteria reduced Tween 80, producing a visible precipitate.
- Taxon
- CantaloupeCucumis melo var. cantalupot0
- Outcome
- reduced Tween 80 to give a visible precipitatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cantaloupe”
e0“reduced Tween 80 to give a visible precipitate on WFB 68 media”
Claim · model-written summary
Fatty acid analysis identified all strains as A. avenae subsp. citrulli.
- Taxon
- CantaloupeCucumis melo var. cantalupot0
- Interactor
- A. avenae subsp. citrulliParacidovorax citrullie0pathogen
- Outcome
- all strains were identified as A. avenae subsp. citrullie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cantaloupe”
e0“Based on fatty acid analysis, all strains were identified as A. avenae subsp. citrulli by Microbial Identification System software, version 3.6 (MIDI, Newark, DE)”
Claim · model-written summary
PCR of each strain yielded a 390-bp fragment confirming similarity to A. avenae subsp. citrulli.
- Taxon
- CantaloupeCucumis melo var. cantalupot0
- Interactor
- A. avenae subsp. citrulliParacidovorax citrullie0pathogen
- Outcome
- 390-bp DNA fragmente0
- Value
- 390-bpe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cantaloupe”
e0“PCR conducted on DNA from each strain yielded a 390-bp DNA fragment, confirming similarity to A. avenae subsp. citrulli”
Claim · model-written summary
An immunosorbent assay verified the bacteria as Acidovorax spp.
- Taxon
- CantaloupeCucumis melo var. cantalupot0
- Interactor
- Acidovorax spp
Acidovoraxe0pathogen - Outcome
- the bacteria were Acidovorax sppe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cantaloupe”
e0“Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with genus-specific antibodies also verified that the bacteria were Acidovorax spp”
Claim · model-written summary
The strains caused symptoms on inoculated watermelon seedlings.
- Taxon
- watermelon
Citrullus lanatuse0 - Treatment
- inoculatinge0
- Interactor
- A. avenae subsp. citrulliParacidovorax citrullie0pathogen
- Outcome
- symptom developmente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pathogenicity of the A. avenae subsp. citrulli strains was confirmed by inoculating and observing symptom development on 2-week-old watermelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Restriction fragment data distinguished the Tift County strain from the other strains.
- Taxon
- CantaloupeCucumis melo var. cantalupot0
- Outcome
- the Tift County strain was distinguishable from the otherse0
- Comparator
- the otherse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cantaloupe”
e0“restriction fragment length polymorphism data indicated that the Tift County strain was distinguishable from the others”
Claim · model-written summary
The distinct Tift County strain suggests at least two inoculum sources.
- Taxon
- CantaloupeCucumis melo var. cantalupot0
- Outcome
- inoculum for these outbreaks may have originated from at least two different sourcese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cantaloupe”
e0“suggesting that inoculum for these outbreaks may have originated from at least two different sources”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Paracidovorax citrulli · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.