Abstract
Oilseed crops are being widely evaluated for potential biodiesel production. Seed meal (SM) remaining after extracting oil may have use as bioherbicides or organic fertilizers. Brassicaceae SM often contains glucosinolates that hydrolyze into biologically active compounds that may inhibit various pests. Jatropha curcas SM contains curcin, a phytoxin. A 14-day greenhouse study determined that Sinapis alba (white mustard), Brassica juncea (Indian mustard), Camelina sativa , and Jatropha curcas applied to soil at varying application rates [0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.5% (w/w)] and incubation times (1, 7, and 14 d) prior to planting affected seed emergence and seedling survival of cotton [ Gossypium hirsutum (L.)], sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], johnsongrass ( Sorghum halepense ), and redroot pigweed ( Amaranthus retroflexus ). With each species, emergence and survival was most decreased by 2.5% SM application applied at 1 and 7 d incubations. White mustard SM incubated for 1 d applied at low and high rates had similar negative effects on johnsongrass seedlings. Redroot pigweed seedling survival was generally most decreased by all 2.5% SM applications. Based on significant effects determined by ANOVA, results suggested that the type, rate, and timing of SM application should be considered before land-applying SMs in cropping systems.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Seed meal applied at 2.5% most decreased cotton seedling emergence and survival in the greenhouse.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume1 - Treatment
- 2.5% SM applicatione2
- Outcome
- emergence and survivale2
- Direction
- most decreasede2
- Qualifier
- applied at 1 and 7 d incubationse2
- Setting
- greenhousee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“affected seed emergence and seedling survival of cotton [ Gossypium hirsutum (L.)], sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], johnsongrass ( Sorghum halepense ), and redroot pigweed ( Amaranthus retroflexus )”
e2“With each species, emergence and survival was most decreased by 2.5% SM application applied at 1 and 7 d incubations”
e3“A 14-day greenhouse study”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed meal applied at 2.5% most decreased sorghum seedling emergence and survival in the greenhouse.
- Treatment
- 2.5% SM applicatione2
- Outcome
- emergence and survivale2
- Direction
- most decreasede2
- Qualifier
- applied at 1 and 7 d incubationse2
- Setting
- greenhousee3
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“affected seed emergence and seedling survival of cotton [ Gossypium hirsutum (L.)], sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], johnsongrass ( Sorghum halepense ), and redroot pigweed ( Amaranthus retroflexus )”
e2“With each species, emergence and survival was most decreased by 2.5% SM application applied at 1 and 7 d incubations”
e3“A 14-day greenhouse study”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed meal applied at 2.5% most decreased johnsongrass emergence and survival in the greenhouse.
- Taxon
- johnsongrass
.jpg?width=60)
Sorghum halepensee1 - Treatment
- 2.5% SM applicatione2
- Outcome
- emergence and survivale2
- Direction
- most decreasede2
- Qualifier
- applied at 1 and 7 d incubationse2
- Setting
- greenhousee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“affected seed emergence and seedling survival of cotton [ Gossypium hirsutum (L.)], sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], johnsongrass ( Sorghum halepense ), and redroot pigweed ( Amaranthus retroflexus )”
e2“With each species, emergence and survival was most decreased by 2.5% SM application applied at 1 and 7 d incubations”
e3“A 14-day greenhouse study”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed meal applied at 2.5% most decreased redroot pigweed emergence and survival in the greenhouse.
- Taxon
- redroot pigweede1
- Treatment
- 2.5% SM applicatione2
- Outcome
- emergence and survivale2
- Direction
- most decreasede2
- Qualifier
- applied at 1 and 7 d incubationse2
- Setting
- greenhousee3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“affected seed emergence and seedling survival of cotton [ Gossypium hirsutum (L.)], sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], johnsongrass ( Sorghum halepense ), and redroot pigweed ( Amaranthus retroflexus )”
e2“With each species, emergence and survival was most decreased by 2.5% SM application applied at 1 and 7 d incubations”
e3“A 14-day greenhouse study”
Claim · model-written summary
White mustard seed meal incubated for 1 d had similar negative effects on johnsongrass seedlings at low and high rates.
- Taxon
- johnsongrassSorghum halepensee5
- Treatment
- White mustard SMe5
- Outcome
- seedlingse5
- Direction
- similar negative effectse5
- Qualifier
- incubated for 1 d applied at low and high ratese5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“White mustard SM incubated for 1 d applied at low and high rates had similar negative effects on johnsongrass seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The 2.5% seed meal applications generally most decreased redroot pigweed seedling survival.
- Taxon
- redroot pigweede4
- Treatment
- 2.5% SM applicationse4
- Outcome
- seedling survivale4
- Direction
- most decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e4“Redroot pigweed seedling survival was generally most decreased by all 2.5% SM applications”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend considering type, rate and timing of seed meal application before land-applying seed meals in cropping systems.
Verbatim
t0“Crop and Weed Species”
e6“results suggested that the type, rate, and timing of SM application should be considered before land-applying SMs in cropping systems”