Abstract
Abstract A pollen analysis and three radiocarbon dates are reported from Dew Lakes in northern South Island, New Zealand. The results show that a mixed Nothofagus ‐podocarp forest has existed in the area for the last 10 500 yr B.P. The major change in forest taxa has been a continuing rise in Nothofagus which probably began before 10 500 yr B.P. and peaked at c. 4 800 yr B.P. Podocarpus ferrugineus and Dacrydium cupressinum were present in relatively constant amounts but the Nothofagus rise was accompanied by a decrease in other Podocarpus spp. and shrub taxa. A second major change was a clearance phase and the appearance of Pinus pollen coincident with the arrival of European man. Changes in local taxa show that initially a shallow swamp existed at the site but this became a lake between 8 500 yr B.P. and 100 yr B.P., suggesting a wetter climate since 8 500 yr B.P. than earher. The end of this phase is not clearly represented, because succession in the swamp has led to natural shallowing of the water as evidenced by a return of shallow swamp taxa and shrubs on the peat. The results are discussed in relation to other published pollen diagrams from New Zealand and it is noted that the results fit better with diagrams from the Ruahine Range in southern North Island than with results from South Island sites.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed Nothofagus-podocarp forest existed locally for the last 10 500 yr B.P.
- Taxon
- Nothofagus
Nothofaguse0 - Outcome
- mixed Nothofagus ‐podocarp forest has existede0
- Value
- 10 500 yr B.P.e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a mixed Nothofagus ‐podocarp forest has existed in the area for the last 10 500 yr B.P.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nothofagus rose continuously and peaked around 4 800 yr B.P.
- Taxon
- NothofagusNothofaguse0
- Outcome
- continuing risee0
- Direction
- risee0
- Value
- c. 4 800 yr B.P.e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a continuing rise in Nothofagus which probably began before 10 500 yr B.P. and peaked at c. 4 800 yr B.P.”
Claim · model-written summary
Podocarpus ferrugineus remained relatively constant.
- Taxon
- Podocarpus ferrugineus
Pectinopitys ferrugineae0 - Outcome
- present in relatively constant amountse0
- Direction
- relatively constante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Podocarpus ferrugineus and Dacrydium cupressinum were present in relatively constant amounts”
Claim · model-written summary
Dacrydium cupressinum remained relatively constant.
- Taxon
- Dacrydium cupressinum
Dacrydium cupressinume0 - Outcome
- present in relatively constant amountse0
- Direction
- relatively constante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Podocarpus ferrugineus and Dacrydium cupressinum were present in relatively constant amounts”
Claim · model-written summary
Other Podocarpus species decreased during the Nothofagus rise.
- Taxon
- Podocarpus spp.
Podocarpuse0 - Interactor
- NothofagusNothofaguse0other
- Outcome
- decrease in other Podocarpus spp.e0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Nothofagus rise was accompanied by a decrease in other Podocarpus spp. and shrub taxa”
Claim · model-written summary
Shrub taxa decreased during the Nothofagus rise.
- Taxon
- shrub taxae0
- Interactor
- NothofagusNothofaguse0other
- Outcome
- decrease in other Podocarpus spp. and shrub taxae0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Nothofagus rise was accompanied by a decrease in other Podocarpus spp. and shrub taxa”
Claim · model-written summary
Forest clearance occurred with the arrival of European people.
PinusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a clearance phase and the appearance of Pinus pollen coincident with the arrival of European man”
Claim · model-written summary
Pinus pollen appeared with the arrival of European people.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the appearance of Pinus pollen coincident with the arrival of European man”
Claim · model-written summary
Local taxa indicate a shallow swamp initially occupied the site.
Verbatim
e0“Changes in local taxa show that initially a shallow swamp existed at the site”
Claim · model-written summary
The site became a lake between 8 500 and 100 yr B.P., suggesting wetter climate after 8 500 yr B.P.
Verbatim
e0“this became a lake between 8 500 yr B.P. and 100 yr B.P., suggesting a wetter climate since 8 500 yr B.P. than earher”
e1“local taxa”
Claim · model-written summary
Shallow swamp taxa and shrubs returned as the swamp naturally shallowed.
Verbatim
e0“succession in the swamp has led to natural shallowing of the water as evidenced by a return of shallow swamp taxa and shrubs on the peat”
Claim · model-written summary
The Dew Lakes pollen record fits Ruahine Range diagrams better than South Island records.
- Outcome
- results fit bettere0
- Comparator
- results from South Island sitese0
- Setting
- Ruahine Range in southern North Islande0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“results fit better with diagrams from the Ruahine Range in southern North Island than with results from South Island sites”
e1“Dew Lakes”