Abstract
Abstract Biomass, plant size, plant density and the inequality of sizes were assessed for autumn‐emerging roadside populations dominated by Galium aparine during early stages of growth in two independent studies. A third data set dealt with the survival of labelled seedlings belonging to different cohorts of emergence. One data set showed that the slope of the log‐log size/density relationship for all plant species present in the samples was closer to −1.5 and that for G. aparine was closer to −1.0 in five separate populations. Biomass increase and density decrease was not found to take place in any of these simultaneously. The size inequality of G. aparine tended to increase or to remain constant during periods of high mortality, and in the early harvests it was negatively related to population density. The second data set revealed simultaneous decreases of both biomass and density of G. aparine and of all plant species during a period of a month soon after emergence, and a higher size inequality of G. aparine in those patches where plant density (and that of G. aparine ) was lower. The labelling of seedlings indicated density‐dependent mortality and a higher probability of survival for seedlings emerging very early. The size/density relationship of roadside populations dominated by G. aparine may follow a trajectory over time similar to that predicted by the 3/2 power law of self‐thinning, but this species seems to have a weak size hierarchy development and limited individual growth at high population densities. The importance of plant architecture in relation to this response is discussed.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Across five populations, the size-density slope was closer to −1.5 for all sampled species.
Verbatim
e0“the slope of the log‐log size/density relationship for all plant species present in the samples was closer to −1.5 and that for G. aparine was closer to −1.0 in five separate populations”
Claim · model-written summary
Across five populations, the size-density slope was closer to −1.0 for G. aparine.
- Taxon
- G. aparine
Galium aparinee0 - Outcome
- slope of the log‐log size/density relationshipe0
- Value
- −1.0e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the slope of the log‐log size/density relationship for all plant species present in the samples was closer to −1.5 and that for G. aparine was closer to −1.0 in five separate populations”
Claim · model-written summary
Biomass did not increase simultaneously with density decrease in the first data set.
- Taxon
- Galium aparineGalium aparinet0
- Outcome
- Biomass increase and density decreasee0
- Direction
- not founde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biomass increase and density decrease was not found to take place in any of these simultaneously”
t0“Galium aparine L.”
Claim · model-written summary
G. aparine size inequality increased or stayed constant during high mortality.
- Taxon
- G. aparineGalium aparinee0
- Outcome
- size inequalitye0
- Direction
- increase or to remain constante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The size inequality of G. aparine tended to increase or to remain constant during periods of high mortality”
Claim · model-written summary
G. aparine size inequality was negatively related to density in early harvests.
- Taxon
- Galium aparineGalium aparinet0
- Outcome
- size inequalitye1
- Direction
- negatively relatede0
- Comparator
- population densitye0
- Setting
- early harvestse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the early harvests it was negatively related to population density”
t0“Galium aparine L.”
e1“The size inequality of G. aparine”
Claim · model-written summary
Both biomass and density decreased for G. aparine and all plant species during a month soon after emergence.
- Taxon
- G. aparineGalium aparinee0
- Outcome
- biomass and densitye0
- Direction
- decreasese0
- Qualifier
- during a period of a month soon after emergencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“simultaneous decreases of both biomass and density of G. aparine and of all plant species during a period of a month soon after emergence”
Claim · model-written summary
G. aparine size inequality was higher in patches with lower plant density.
- Taxon
- G. aparineGalium aparinee0
- Outcome
- size inequalitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- plant densitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a higher size inequality of G. aparine in those patches where plant density (and that of G. aparine ) was lower”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling mortality depended on density.
- Taxon
- Galium aparineGalium aparinet0
- Outcome
- seedlings indicated density‐dependent mortalitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The labelling of seedlings indicated density‐dependent mortality”
t0“Galium aparine L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Very early emerging seedlings had higher survival probability.
- Taxon
- Galium aparineGalium aparinet0
- Organ / stage
- seedlings emerging very earlye0
- Outcome
- probability of survivale0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a higher probability of survival for seedlings emerging very early”
t0“Galium aparine L.”
Claim · model-written summary
G. aparine appeared to have weak size hierarchy development and limited individual growth at high density.
- Taxon
- Galium aparineGalium aparinet0
- Outcome
- weak size hierarchy development and limited individual growthe0
- Qualifier
- at high population densitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this species seems to have a weak size hierarchy development and limited individual growth at high population densities”
t0“Galium aparine L.”