Abstract
In order to develop biological control of aphids by a “push-pull” approach, intercropping using repellent emitting plants was developed in different crop and associated plant models. Garlic is one of the potential plant that could be inserted in crops to decrease the pest occurrence in neighboring crop plots. In this study, field works were conducted in wheat fields in Langfang Experimental Station, Hebei Province in China from October 2009 to July 2010 during wheat developmental season. The effect of wheat intercropping with garlic but also the volatiles emission on the incidence of the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae Fabricius (Homoptera: Aphididae) was assessed. Natural beneficial occurrence and global yields in two winter wheat varieties that were susceptible or resistant to cereal aphid were also determined comparing to control plots without the use of garlic plant intercrop nor semiochemical releaser in the fields. S. avenae was found to be lower in garlic oil blend treatment (GOB), diallyl disulfide treatment (DD) and wheat-garlic intercropping treatment (WGI) when compared to the control plots for both two varieties (P<0.01). Both intercropping and application of volatile chemicals emitted by garlic could improve the population densities of natural enemies of cereal aphid, including ladybeetles and mummified aphids. Ladybeetle population density in WGI, GOB and mummified aphids densities in WGI, DD were significantly higher than those in control fields for both two varieties (P<0.05). There were significant interactions between cultivars and treatments to the population densities of S. avenae. The 1 000-grain weight and yield of wheat were also increased compared to the control. Due to their potential alternatives as a biological control agent against cereal aphid, garlic intercropping and related emitted volatiles are expected to contribute to the further improvement of integrated pest management systems and to potentially reduce the amount of traditional synthetic pesticides applied in wheat fields.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic oil blend lowered Sitobion avenae in both wheat varieties relative to controls.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- garlic oil blend treatment (GOB)e0
- Interactor
- S. avenae
Sitobion avenaee0pest - Outcome
- S. avenaee0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S. avenae was found to be lower in garlic oil blend treatment (GOB), diallyl disulfide treatment (DD) and wheat-garlic intercropping treatment (WGI) when compared to the control plots for both two varieties (P<0.01)”
t0“Wheat Fields”
Claim · model-written summary
Diallyl disulfide lowered Sitobion avenae in both wheat varieties relative to controls.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- diallyl disulfide treatment (DD)e0
- Interactor
- S. avenaeSitobion avenaee0pest
- Outcome
- S. avenaee0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S. avenae was found to be lower in garlic oil blend treatment (GOB), diallyl disulfide treatment (DD) and wheat-garlic intercropping treatment (WGI) when compared to the control plots for both two varieties (P<0.01)”
t0“Wheat Fields”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat-garlic intercropping lowered Sitobion avenae in both wheat varieties relative to controls.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- wheat-garlic intercropping treatment (WGI)e0
- Interactor
- S. avenaeSitobion avenaee0pest
- Outcome
- S. avenaee0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S. avenae was found to be lower in garlic oil blend treatment (GOB), diallyl disulfide treatment (DD) and wheat-garlic intercropping treatment (WGI) when compared to the control plots for both two varieties (P<0.01)”
t0“Wheat Fields”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased natural enemies of cereal aphid.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- intercroppinge0
- Interactor
- cereal aphide0pest
- Outcome
- population densities of natural enemies of cereal aphide0
- Direction
- improvee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both intercropping and application of volatile chemicals emitted by garlic could improve the population densities of natural enemies of cereal aphid, including ladybeetles and mummified aphids”
t0“Wheat Fields”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic volatiles increased natural enemies of cereal aphid.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- application of volatile chemicals emitted by garlice0
- Interactor
- cereal aphide0pest
- Outcome
- population densities of natural enemies of cereal aphide0
- Direction
- improvee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both intercropping and application of volatile chemicals emitted by garlic could improve the population densities of natural enemies of cereal aphid, including ladybeetles and mummified aphids”
t0“Wheat Fields”
Claim · model-written summary
Ladybeetle density was higher under wheat-garlic intercropping than in controls.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- WGIe0
- Interactor
- Ladybeetlee0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- Ladybeetle population densitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control fieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ladybeetle population density in WGI, GOB and mummified aphids densities in WGI, DD were significantly higher than those in control fields for both two varieties (P<0.05)”
t0“Wheat Fields”
Claim · model-written summary
Ladybeetle density was higher under garlic oil blend than in controls.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- GOBe0
- Interactor
- Ladybeetlee0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- Ladybeetle population densitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control fieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ladybeetle population density in WGI, GOB and mummified aphids densities in WGI, DD were significantly higher than those in control fields for both two varieties (P<0.05)”
t0“Wheat Fields”
Claim · model-written summary
Mummified aphid density was higher under wheat-garlic intercropping than in controls.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- WGIe0
- Interactor
- mummified aphidse0pest
- Outcome
- mummified aphids densitiese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control fieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ladybeetle population density in WGI, GOB and mummified aphids densities in WGI, DD were significantly higher than those in control fields for both two varieties (P<0.05)”
t0“Wheat Fields”
Claim · model-written summary
Mummified aphid density was higher under diallyl disulfide than in controls.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- DDe0
- Interactor
- mummified aphidse0pest
- Outcome
- mummified aphids densitiese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control fieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ladybeetle population density in WGI, GOB and mummified aphids densities in WGI, DD were significantly higher than those in control fields for both two varieties (P<0.05)”
t0“Wheat Fields”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar and treatment interacted significantly in aphid population density.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- treatmentse0
- Interactor
- S. avenaeSitobion avenaee0pest
- Outcome
- population densities of S. avenaee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were significant interactions between cultivars and treatments to the population densities of S. avenae”
t0“Wheat Fields”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatments increased wheat 1 000-grain weight relative to controls.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- 1 000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 1 000-grain weight and yield of wheat were also increased compared to the control”
t0“Wheat Fields”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatments increased wheat yield relative to controls.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 1 000-grain weight and yield of wheat were also increased compared to the control”
t0“Wheat Fields”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors expect garlic intercropping and emitted volatiles to improve integrated pest management and potentially reduce synthetic pesticide use.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- improvement of integrated pest management systemse0
- Qualifier
- potentially reduce the amount of traditional synthetic pesticidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“garlic intercropping and related emitted volatiles are expected to contribute to the further improvement of integrated pest management systems and to potentially reduce the amount of traditional synthetic pesticides applied in wheat fields”
t0“Wheat Fields”
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See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.