Abstract
Tomato line LA1478 and Pusa Ruby were resistant to tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV) disease. They registered higher plant height, number of branches, total phenol content and yield per plant than the other cultivars. Variety Peto 86 was tolerant to the disease while the other popular tomato cultivars, i.e. Ace, Early Pack, Money Maker, Prichard and Strain B were highly susceptible to the disease. Plant height and number of branches per plant revealed significantly positive association with fruit yield per plant. The disease index of TLCV exhibited significant negative correlations with plant height, total phenol content and fruit yield per plant – 0–4 and 5–25 adult whiteflies were observed on resistant susceptible cultivars. In the case of epiphytically colonisation by Beauveria bassiana conidia, not all developing hyphae on the leaf surface penetrated the whitefly cuticle. Many of the germ tubes elongated to a short distance before terminating its growth. On the other hand, the rapid staining of tomato tissues injected with B. bassiana conidial suspension indicates that the entomopathogenic fungus was established inside tomato tissues until the end time of the trial. The direct injection with the spore suspension yielded high post-colonisation, where the fungus was recovered from sites distant from the point of inoculation. This indicates that the fungus has the potential to move throughout the plant tissues. Laboratory bioassay of tomato whitefly feeding on tomato tissues containing B. bassiana conidial spores indicates that plant endophytic colonisation with entomopathogenic fungi may reduce insect survival on these plants. LT50 values of the test diet were between three and four days. The mortality of Bemisia tabaci was high in the case of endophytically colonisation compared to epiphytically one (90.0% compared to 10.0% during three days) for whiteflies fed tomato tissues containing 1.5 × 107 B. bassiana spores/ml. Application of B. bassiana as an artificial endophyte inside tomato plants can be an important component in the integrated control of tomato whiteflies. The endophytic colonising can achieve biocontrol effect based on induced disease resistance in plant tissues. According the available references, this is the first report on B. tabaci controlling by plant endophytic treatment.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato lines LA1478 and Pusa Ruby are resistant to tomato leaf curl virus disease
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Material
- LA1478 and Pusa Rubye1
- Interactor
- tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV)Tomato leaf curl viruse1pathogen
- Outcome
- resistante1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Tomato line LA1478 and Pusa Ruby were resistant to tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV) disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato variety Peto 86 is tolerant to tomato leaf curl virus disease
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Peto 86e2
- Outcome
- tolerante2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reaction of some tomato cultivars to tomato leaf curl virus and evaluation of the endophytic colonisation with Beauveria bassiana on the disease incidence and its vector, Bemisia tabaci”
e2“Variety Peto 86 was tolerant to the disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Ace, Early Pack and Money Maker tomato cultivars are highly susceptible to the disease
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Ace, Early Pack, Money Makere3
- Outcome
- highly susceptiblee3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reaction of some tomato cultivars to tomato leaf curl virus and evaluation of the endophytic colonisation with Beauveria bassiana on the disease incidence and its vector, Bemisia tabaci”
e3“the other popular tomato cultivars, i.e. Ace, Early Pack, Money Maker, Prichard and Strain B were highly susceptible to the disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Prichard and Strain B tomato cultivars are highly susceptible to the disease
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Prichard and Strain Be3
- Outcome
- highly susceptiblee3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reaction of some tomato cultivars to tomato leaf curl virus and evaluation of the endophytic colonisation with Beauveria bassiana on the disease incidence and its vector, Bemisia tabaci”
e3“the other popular tomato cultivars, i.e. Ace, Early Pack, Money Maker, Prichard and Strain B were highly susceptible to the disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height and number of branches are positively associated with fruit yield per tomato plant
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Plant height and number of branches per plante4
- Outcome
- fruit yield per plante4
- Direction
- positivee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reaction of some tomato cultivars to tomato leaf curl virus and evaluation of the endophytic colonisation with Beauveria bassiana on the disease incidence and its vector, Bemisia tabaci”
e4“Plant height and number of branches per plant revealed significantly positive association with fruit yield per plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The disease index of TLCV is negatively correlated with plant height, total phenol content and fruit yield per plant
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- plant height, total phenol content and fruit yield per plante5
- Interactor
- TLCVe5pathogen
- Outcome
- disease index of TLCVe5
- Direction
- negativee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reaction of some tomato cultivars to tomato leaf curl virus and evaluation of the endophytic colonisation with Beauveria bassiana on the disease incidence and its vector, Bemisia tabaci”
e5“The disease index of TLCV exhibited significant negative correlations with plant height, total phenol content and fruit yield per plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Adult whiteflies were observed at 0–4 and 5–25 per plant on resistant and susceptible cultivars
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- resistant susceptible cultivarse6
- Interactor
- whitefliesAleyrodoideae6pest
- Outcome
- adult whiteflies were observede6
- Value
- 0–4 and 5–25e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reaction of some tomato cultivars to tomato leaf curl virus and evaluation of the endophytic colonisation with Beauveria bassiana on the disease incidence and its vector, Bemisia tabaci”
e6“0–4 and 5–25 adult whiteflies were observed on resistant susceptible cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Not all hyphae of epiphytically applied B. bassiana penetrated the whitefly cuticle
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- epiphytically colonisation by Beauveria bassiana conidiae7
- Interactor
- whiteflye7pest
- Second interactor
- Beauveria bassiana
Beauveria bassianae7biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- penetrated the whitefly cuticlee7
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reaction of some tomato cultivars to tomato leaf curl virus and evaluation of the endophytic colonisation with Beauveria bassiana on the disease incidence and its vector, Bemisia tabaci”
e7“In the case of epiphytically colonisation by Beauveria bassiana conidia, not all developing hyphae on the leaf surface penetrated the whitefly cuticle”
Claim · model-written summary
B. bassiana injected into tomato tissues was established inside the tissues until the end of the trial
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- injected with B. bassiana conidial suspensione7
- Interactor
- B. bassianaBeauveria bassianae7symbiont
- Outcome
- established inside tomato tissuese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“the rapid staining of tomato tissues injected with B. bassiana conidial suspension indicates that the entomopathogenic fungus was established inside tomato tissues until the end time of the trial”
Claim · model-written summary
Direct injection of spore suspension into tomato yielded high post-colonisation with fungus recovered distant from the inoculation point
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- direct injection with the spore suspensione7
- Outcome
- post-colonisatione7
- Direction
- highe7
- Qualifier
- the fungus was recovered from sites distant from the point of inoculatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reaction of some tomato cultivars to tomato leaf curl virus and evaluation of the endophytic colonisation with Beauveria bassiana on the disease incidence and its vector, Bemisia tabaci”
e7“The direct injection with the spore suspension yielded high post-colonisation, where the fungus was recovered from sites distant from the point of inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Endophytic colonisation of tomato with entomopathogenic fungi may reduce insect survival on the plants
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- plant endophytic colonisation with entomopathogenic fungie7
- Interactor
- tomato whiteflye7pest
- Second interactor
- entomopathogenic fungie7biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- insect survivale7
- Direction
- reducee7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Laboratory bioassay of tomato whitefly feeding on tomato tissues containing B. bassiana conidial spores indicates that plant endophytic colonisation with entomopathogenic fungi may reduce insect survival on these plants”
Claim · model-written summary
LT50 values of the tomato-tissue test diet were between three and four days
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- LT50 values of the test diete7
- Value
- between three and four dayse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reaction of some tomato cultivars to tomato leaf curl virus and evaluation of the endophytic colonisation with Beauveria bassiana on the disease incidence and its vector, Bemisia tabaci”
e7“LT50 values of the test diet were between three and four days”
Claim · model-written summary
Endophytic colonisation gave higher whitefly mortality than epiphytic colonisation after three days
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- endophytically colonisatione7
- Interactor
- Bemisia tabaci
Bemisia tabacie7pest - Second interactor
- B. bassianaBeauveria bassianae7biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- mortality of Bemisia tabacie7
- Direction
- highe7
- Value
- 90.0% compared to 10.0%e7
- Qualifier
- during three dayse7
- Comparator
- epiphytically onee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The mortality of Bemisia tabaci was high in the case of endophytically colonisation compared to epiphytically one (90.0% compared to 10.0% during three days) for whiteflies fed tomato tissues containing 1.5 × 107 B. bassiana spores/ml”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend artificial endophytic application of B. bassiana as a component of integrated whitefly control on tomato
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- Application of B. bassiana as an artificial endophyte inside tomato plantse7
- Interactor
- tomato whitefliese7pest
- Second interactor
- B. bassianaBeauveria bassianae7biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- integrated control of tomato whitefliese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Application of B. bassiana as an artificial endophyte inside tomato plants can be an important component in the integrated control of tomato whiteflies”
Claim · model-written summary
Endophytic colonisation can achieve a biocontrol effect through induced disease resistance in tomato tissues
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- endophytic colonisinge7
- Outcome
- biocontrol effecte7
- Qualifier
- based on induced disease resistance in plant tissuese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reaction of some tomato cultivars to tomato leaf curl virus and evaluation of the endophytic colonisation with Beauveria bassiana on the disease incidence and its vector, Bemisia tabaci”
e7“The endophytic colonising can achieve biocontrol effect based on induced disease resistance in plant tissues”
The same questions in other papers
biocontrol · survival · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.