Abstract
Abstract Information on cultural practices for determinate soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., at post‐optimal planting dates is needed in the southern USA where planting is often delayed by weather or doublecropping. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of plant population density (PPD) on determinate soybean at two postoptimal planting dates in relation to interrow spacing, plant architecture, and yield components. A 3‐yr. soybean field study on Sharkey clay (very fine montmorillonitic, thermic, nonacid, vertic Haplaquept) was planted at post‐optimal dates of 20 June and 3 July. ‘Davis’ (MG VI) and ‘Braxton’ (MG VII) soybean were planted in 0.5 and 1.0 m row spacing (RS) at PPD at 6.4,13, 26, 38, 51 plants m −2 under irrigated and nonirrigated conditions. Yields were higher at the 0.5 m RS than at the 1.0 m RS, and were higher at the June date than at the July date. Highest yields at the June date (2.99 and 1.97 Mg ha −1 ) were with PPD of 38 and 13 plants m −2 at the 0.5 and 1.0 m RS, respectively. Yields were highest at the July date (2.45 and 1.53 Mg ha −1 ) with PPD of 51 and 26 plants m −2 at the 0.5 and 1.0 m RS, respectively. Increase in PPD up to 38 plants m −2 increased main stem length and decreased all other plant components. Decrease in main stem yield was proportionately smaller than the increase in PPD resulting in a net yield gain from higher PPD. Decrease in branch stem yield was proportionately greater than the increase in PPD resulting in a net yield loss from PPD increase. For determinate soybean planted at a 0.5 m RS an increase in PPD above that needed at optimal dates was necessary to obtain highest yields at post‐optimal planting dates. Soybean planted at the 1.0 m RS had much lower yield and was much less responsive to increase in PPD.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Narrow rows yielded more than wide rows.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields were higher at the 0.5 m RS than at the 1.0 m RS”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
June planting yielded more than July planting.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were higher at the June date than at the July date”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
June planting with 0.5 m rows yielded 2.99 Mg per hectare at density 38.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- PPD of 38e0
- Outcome
- Highest yieldse0
- Direction
- Higheste0
- Value
- 2.99e0
- Qualifier
- 0.5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest yields at the June date (2.99 and 1.97 Mg ha −1 ) were with PPD of 38 and 13 plants m −2 at the 0.5 and 1.0 m RS, respectively.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
June planting with 1.0 m rows yielded 1.97 Mg per hectare at density 13.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 13 plants m −2e0
- Outcome
- Highest yieldse0
- Direction
- Higheste0
- Value
- 1.97e0
- Qualifier
- 1.0 m RSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest yields at the June date (2.99 and 1.97 Mg ha −1 ) were with PPD of 38 and 13 plants m −2 at the 0.5 and 1.0 m RS, respectively.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
July planting with 0.5 m rows yielded 2.45 Mg per hectare at density 51.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- PPD of 51e0
- Outcome
- Yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2.45e0
- Qualifier
- 0.5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields were highest at the July date (2.45 and 1.53 Mg ha −1 ) with PPD of 51 and 26 plants m −2 at the 0.5 and 1.0 m RS, respectively.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
July planting with 1.0 m rows yielded 1.53 Mg per hectare at density 26.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 26 plants m −2e0
- Outcome
- Yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.53e0
- Qualifier
- 1.0 m RSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields were highest at the July date (2.45 and 1.53 Mg ha −1 ) with PPD of 51 and 26 plants m −2 at the 0.5 and 1.0 m RS, respectively.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher density increased main stem length.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Increase in PPD up to 38 plants m −2e0
- Outcome
- main stem lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increase in PPD up to 38 plants m −2 increased main stem length and decreased all other plant components.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher density decreased other plant components.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Increase in PPD up to 38 plants m −2e0
- Outcome
- all other plant componentse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increase in PPD up to 38 plants m −2 increased main stem length and decreased all other plant components.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher density produced a net yield gain from main stems.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- higher PPDe0
- Outcome
- net yield gaine0
- Direction
- gaine0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Decrease in main stem yield was proportionately smaller than the increase in PPD resulting in a net yield gain from higher PPD.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher density produced a net branch stem yield loss.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- PPD increasee0
- Outcome
- net yield losse0
- Direction
- losse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Decrease in branch stem yield was proportionately greater than the increase in PPD resulting in a net yield loss from PPD increase.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher density was necessary for maximum late planted yield at narrow spacing.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- an increase in PPD above that needed at optimal dates was necessary to obtain highest yields at post‐optimal planting datese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For determinate soybean planted at a 0.5 m RS an increase in PPD above that needed at optimal dates was necessary to obtain highest yields at post‐optimal planting dates.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wide rows had much lower yield and lower responsiveness to density.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- yield and was much less responsive to increase in PPDe0
- Direction
- much lowere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean planted at the 1.0 m RS had much lower yield and was much less responsive to increase in PPD.”
The same questions in other papers
density · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
206 papers in the same direction as this paper · 94 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
301 papers more in this group
See all 305 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.