Abstract
Large‐seededness can increase grain yield in sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] if larger kernel size more than compensates for the associated reduction in kernel number. The aim of this research was to investigate kernel filling characteristics associated with the high kernel weight of KS115 germplasm and consider implications for grain yield improvement. Germplasm with a twofold range in potential kernel size was grown in two field experiments. In both experiments, a large‐seeded hybrid based on KS115 yielded significantly more grain than a normal‐seeded hybrid with the same female parent. Genotypic differences in final kernel weight were associated with both an increased rate and extended duration of kernel filling. A high kernel filling rate was associated with a high rate of increase in kernel water content and kernel volume, which resulted in large maximum water content and volume per kernel. The long kernel filling duration of KS115‐based germplasm was associated with an extended duration of the period of rapid water uptake into the kernel following the onset of rapid dry mass accumulation in the grains. For this particular germplasm, this was likely due to the presence of large ovaries before fertilization. Because of a trade‐off between potential kernel weight and number, prolonged duration, rather than an increased rate of kernel filling, appeared to be the main mechanism through which large‐seededness of KS115 could increase grain yield.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The large-seeded KS115 hybrid yielded significantly more grain than the normal-seeded hybrid.
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a large‐seeded hybrid based on KS115 yielded significantly more grain than a normal‐seeded hybrid with the same female parent”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater final kernel weight was associated with increased kernel filling rate.
- Material
- Genotypic differencese0
- Organ / stage
- kernele0
- Outcome
- final kernel weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Genotypic differences in final kernel weight were associated with both an increased rate and extended duration of kernel filling”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater final kernel weight was associated with longer kernel filling duration.
- Material
- Genotypic differencese0
- Organ / stage
- kernele0
- Outcome
- final kernel weighte0
- Direction
- extendede0
- Qualifier
- duration of kernel fillinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Genotypic differences in final kernel weight were associated with both an increased rate and extended duration of kernel filling”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
High kernel filling rate was associated with rapid increases in kernel water content and volume.
- Organ / stage
- kernele0
- Outcome
- kernel water content and kernel volumee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- high kernel filling ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A high kernel filling rate was associated with a high rate of increase in kernel water content and kernel volume”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Rapid filling produced large maximum water content and volume per kernel.
Not reportedQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which resulted in large maximum water content and volume per kernel”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
The long filling duration of KS115 was associated with prolonged rapid water uptake after rapid dry mass accumulation began.
- Material
- KS115‐based germplasme0
- Organ / stage
- kernele0
- Outcome
- period of rapid water uptake into the kernele0
- Direction
- extendede0
- Qualifier
- following the onset of rapid dry mass accumulation in the grainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The long kernel filling duration of KS115‐based germplasm was associated with an extended duration of the period of rapid water uptake into the kernel following the onset of rapid dry mass accumulation in the grains”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Large ovaries before fertilization likely explain prolonged filling in KS115 germplasm.
- Organ / stage
- ovaries before fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- presence of large ovaries before fertilizatione0
- Qualifier
- likelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For this particular germplasm, this was likely due to the presence of large ovaries before fertilization”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Potential kernel weight traded off against kernel number.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Because of a trade‐off between potential kernel weight and number”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Prolonged filling duration appeared the main route by which KS115 large seeds could increase grain yield.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“prolonged duration, rather than an increased rate of kernel filling, appeared to be the main mechanism through which large‐seededness of KS115 could increase grain yield”
t0“Sorghum”