Abstract
Abstract Little data are available on the increasing popular practice of no‐tillage planting soybeans ( Glycine max L. Merr.) in small grain stubble. To determine the effects of three small grain stubble heights and three straw mulch rates in branching height, plant height, lodging, population, and yield of no‐till planted soybeans, field studies were conducted at Warsaw and Suffolk, Va. for 3 years. Straw mulch treatments were normal amount (✕), twice the normal amount (2✕), and all straw removed (0). The three stubble heights were “Low” (10.2 cm), “Medium” (20.3 cm), and “High” (35.6 cm at Warsaw and 40.6 cm at Suffolk). Neither mulch rate nor stubble height affected final plant stand significantly, but there was a tendency toward fewer plants in the heaviest mulch rate. Mature plants at Warsaw were tallest in the high stubble with no difference between the low and medium stubble; the same trend was shown at Suffolk. Soybean plants grown in the ✕ and 2✕ mulch at Warsaw and the ✕ mulch at Suffolk were taller than those grown in the other mulch treatments. Lodging and pod height followed the same trend as plant height. Seed yield was highest in the medium stubble and ✕ mulch rate. It is concluded that harvesting small grain to leave a 20‐cm stubble produces optimum soybean yields and the addition of mulch shows no benefit.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch rate did not significantly affect final soybean stand.
Not reportedTaxonComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Neither mulch rate nor stubble height affected final plant stand significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Stubble height did not significantly affect final soybean stand.
Not reportedTaxonComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Neither mulch rate nor stubble height affected final plant stand significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
The heaviest mulch rate tended to reduce soybean plant numbers.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- the heaviest mulch ratee0
- Outcome
- plantse0
- Direction
- fewere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was a tendency toward fewer plants in the heaviest mulch rate”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Mature soybean plants at Warsaw were tallest in high stubble.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- high stubblee0
- Outcome
- Mature plantse0
- Direction
- talleste0
- Comparator
- the low and medium stubblee0
- Setting
- Warsawe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mature plants at Warsaw were tallest in the high stubble with no difference between the low and medium stubble”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean height at Warsaw did not differ between low and medium stubble.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- lowe0
- Outcome
- Mature plantse0
- Direction
- no differencee0
- Comparator
- medium stubblee0
- Setting
- Warsawe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mature plants at Warsaw were tallest in the high stubble with no difference between the low and medium stubble”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean plant height at Suffolk followed the Warsaw stubble-height trend.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- same trende0
- Setting
- Suffolke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the same trend was shown at Suffolk”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
At Warsaw, normal and doubled mulch produced taller soybean plants than other mulch treatments.
- Treatment
- ✕ and 2✕ mulche0
- Outcome
- Soybean plantse0
- Direction
- tallere0
- Comparator
- the other mulch treatmentse0
- Setting
- Warsawe0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants grown in the ✕ and 2✕ mulch at Warsaw and the ✕ mulch at Suffolk were taller than those grown in the other mulch treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
At Suffolk, normal mulch produced taller soybean plants than other mulch treatments.
- Treatment
- ✕ mulche0
- Outcome
- Soybean plantse0
- Direction
- tallere0
- Comparator
- the other mulch treatmentse0
- Setting
- Suffolke0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants grown in the ✕ and 2✕ mulch at Warsaw and the ✕ mulch at Suffolk were taller than those grown in the other mulch treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean lodging followed the plant-height trend.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Lodginge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lodging and pod height followed the same trend as plant height”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean pod height followed the plant-height trend.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- pod heighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lodging and pod height followed the same trend as plant height”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean seed yield was highest with medium stubble.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- medium stubblee0
- Outcome
- Seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed yield was highest in the medium stubble and ✕ mulch rate”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean seed yield was highest with normal mulch.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- ✕ mulch ratee0
- Outcome
- Seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed yield was highest in the medium stubble and ✕ mulch rate”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend harvesting small grain to leave 20-cm stubble for optimum soybean yields.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- harvesting small grain to leave a 20‐cm stubblee0
- Value
- 20‐cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“harvesting small grain to leave a 20‐cm stubble produces optimum soybean yields”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that adding mulch provides no benefit to soybean production.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- the addition of mulch shows no benefite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the addition of mulch shows no benefit”
t0“Soybean”
The same questions in other papers
in vitro · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
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50 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
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See all 58 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.