Abstract
The study was undertaken with the objective of determining the size and shape, density, porosity, weight, andvolume of two African yam bean accessions (TSs 137 and TSs 138) at four moisture content levels of 4, 8, 12, and 16% wetbasis which are useful in the design of harvesting, processing, handling, and storage equipment. The axial dimensions,equivalent diameter, individual grain weight, and volume were found to increase as moisture content increased between 4 and16% w.b. for the two accessions. With increase in moisture content there was a decrease from 42.67 to 40.96% for porosity,0.76 to 0.741g/cm3 for bulk density, and 1.326 to 1.255 g/cm3 for true density for TSs 137 while for TSs 138, the decrease wasfrom 45.05 to 43.84%, 0.731 to 0.711 g/cm3, and 1.33 to 1.266 g/cm3, respectively. Sphericity increased between 4 and 8%MC and then decreased between 8 to 16% MC for the two accessions. The effect of moisture content was highly significanton these properties (p < 0.05) and the accessions found not to be statistically different only in terms of sphericity. Thefrequency distributions for size and shape measurement parameters generally approximated those of the normal distribution.The shape of African yam bean can be described as prolate sphere.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Individual grain weight and volume of the two African yam bean accessions increased as moisture content rose from 4 to 16% w.b.
- Taxon
- African yam bean
Sphenostylis stenocarpae0 - Material
- TSs 137 and TSs 138e0
- Treatment
- moisture contente1
- Outcome
- individual grain weight, and volumee1
- Direction
- increasee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two African yam bean accessions (TSs 137 and TSs 138) at four moisture content levels of 4, 8, 12, and 16% wetbasis”
e1“The axial dimensions,equivalent diameter, individual grain weight, and volume were found to increase as moisture content increased between 4 and16% w.b. for the two accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
Sphericity of the two accessions increased between 4 and 8% moisture content.
- Taxon
- African yam beanSphenostylis stenocarpae0
- Treatment
- moisture contente0
- Outcome
- sphericitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- between 4 and 8%MCe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two African yam bean accessions (TSs 137 and TSs 138) at four moisture content levels of 4, 8, 12, and 16% wetbasis”
e1“Sphericity increased between 4 and 8%MC and then decreased between 8 to 16% MC for the two accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
Sphericity of the two accessions decreased between 8 and 16% moisture content.
- Taxon
- African yam beanSphenostylis stenocarpae0
- Treatment
- moisture contente0
- Outcome
- sphericitye1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Qualifier
- between 8 to 16% MCe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two African yam bean accessions (TSs 137 and TSs 138) at four moisture content levels of 4, 8, 12, and 16% wetbasis”
e1“Sphericity increased between 4 and 8%MC and then decreased between 8 to 16% MC for the two accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
Porosity of TSs 137 decreased from 42.67 to 40.96% as moisture content increased.
- Taxon
- African yam beanSphenostylis stenocarpae0
- Material
- TSs 137e1
- Treatment
- moisture contente1
- Outcome
- porositye1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- from 42.67 to 40.96%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two African yam bean accessions (TSs 137 and TSs 138) at four moisture content levels of 4, 8, 12, and 16% wetbasis”
e1“With increase in moisture content there was a decrease from 42.67 to 40.96% for porosity,0.76 to 0.741g/cm3 for bulk density, and 1.326 to 1.255 g/cm3 for true density for TSs 137 while for TSs 138, the decrease wasfrom 45.05 to 43.84%, 0.731 to 0.711 g/cm3, and 1.33 to 1.266 g/cm3, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Porosity of TSs 138 decreased from 45.05 to 43.84% as moisture content increased.
- Taxon
- African yam beanSphenostylis stenocarpae0
- Material
- TSs 138e1
- Treatment
- moisture contente1
- Outcome
- porositye1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- from 45.05 to 43.84%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two African yam bean accessions (TSs 137 and TSs 138) at four moisture content levels of 4, 8, 12, and 16% wetbasis”
e1“With increase in moisture content there was a decrease from 42.67 to 40.96% for porosity,0.76 to 0.741g/cm3 for bulk density, and 1.326 to 1.255 g/cm3 for true density for TSs 137 while for TSs 138, the decrease wasfrom 45.05 to 43.84%, 0.731 to 0.711 g/cm3, and 1.33 to 1.266 g/cm3, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Bulk density of TSs 137 decreased from 0.76 to 0.741 g/cm3 as moisture content increased.
- Taxon
- African yam beanSphenostylis stenocarpae0
- Material
- TSs 137e1
- Treatment
- moisture contente1
- Outcome
- bulk densitye1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- 0.76 to 0.741g/cm3e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two African yam bean accessions (TSs 137 and TSs 138) at four moisture content levels of 4, 8, 12, and 16% wetbasis”
e1“With increase in moisture content there was a decrease from 42.67 to 40.96% for porosity,0.76 to 0.741g/cm3 for bulk density, and 1.326 to 1.255 g/cm3 for true density for TSs 137 while for TSs 138, the decrease wasfrom 45.05 to 43.84%, 0.731 to 0.711 g/cm3, and 1.33 to 1.266 g/cm3, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Bulk density of TSs 138 decreased from 0.731 to 0.711 g/cm3 as moisture content increased.
- Taxon
- African yam beanSphenostylis stenocarpae0
- Material
- TSs 138e1
- Treatment
- moisture contente1
- Outcome
- bulk densitye1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- 0.731 to 0.711 g/cm3e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two African yam bean accessions (TSs 137 and TSs 138) at four moisture content levels of 4, 8, 12, and 16% wetbasis”
e1“With increase in moisture content there was a decrease from 42.67 to 40.96% for porosity,0.76 to 0.741g/cm3 for bulk density, and 1.326 to 1.255 g/cm3 for true density for TSs 137 while for TSs 138, the decrease wasfrom 45.05 to 43.84%, 0.731 to 0.711 g/cm3, and 1.33 to 1.266 g/cm3, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
True density of TSs 137 decreased from 1.326 to 1.255 g/cm3 as moisture content increased.
- Taxon
- African yam beanSphenostylis stenocarpae0
- Material
- TSs 137e1
- Treatment
- moisture contente1
- Outcome
- true densitye1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- 1.326 to 1.255 g/cm3e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two African yam bean accessions (TSs 137 and TSs 138) at four moisture content levels of 4, 8, 12, and 16% wetbasis”
e1“With increase in moisture content there was a decrease from 42.67 to 40.96% for porosity,0.76 to 0.741g/cm3 for bulk density, and 1.326 to 1.255 g/cm3 for true density for TSs 137 while for TSs 138, the decrease wasfrom 45.05 to 43.84%, 0.731 to 0.711 g/cm3, and 1.33 to 1.266 g/cm3, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
True density of TSs 138 decreased from 1.33 to 1.266 g/cm3 as moisture content increased.
- Taxon
- African yam beanSphenostylis stenocarpae0
- Material
- TSs 138e1
- Treatment
- moisture contente1
- Outcome
- true densitye1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- 1.33 to 1.266 g/cm3e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two African yam bean accessions (TSs 137 and TSs 138) at four moisture content levels of 4, 8, 12, and 16% wetbasis”
e1“With increase in moisture content there was a decrease from 42.67 to 40.96% for porosity,0.76 to 0.741g/cm3 for bulk density, and 1.326 to 1.255 g/cm3 for true density for TSs 137 while for TSs 138, the decrease wasfrom 45.05 to 43.84%, 0.731 to 0.711 g/cm3, and 1.33 to 1.266 g/cm3, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Sphericity did not differ statistically between the two accessions.
- Taxon
- African yam beanSphenostylis stenocarpae0
- Material
- TSs 137 and TSs 138e0
- Outcome
- sphericitye1
- Direction
- not to be statistically differente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two African yam bean accessions (TSs 137 and TSs 138) at four moisture content levels of 4, 8, 12, and 16% wetbasis”
e1“the accessions found not to be statistically different only in terms of sphericity”
Claim · model-written summary
The effect of moisture content on these seed properties was highly significant (p < 0.05).
- Taxon
- African yam beanSphenostylis stenocarpae0
- Treatment
- moisture contente1
- Outcome
- these propertiese1
- Direction
- highly significantone1
- Qualifier
- p < 0.05e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two African yam bean accessions (TSs 137 and TSs 138) at four moisture content levels of 4, 8, 12, and 16% wetbasis”
e1“The effect of moisture content was highly significanton these properties (p < 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Frequency distributions for size and shape measurement parameters generally approximated the normal distribution.
- Taxon
- African yam beanSphenostylis stenocarpae0
- Outcome
- frequency distributions for size and shape measurement parameterse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two African yam bean accessions (TSs 137 and TSs 138) at four moisture content levels of 4, 8, 12, and 16% wetbasis”
e1“Thefrequency distributions for size and shape measurement parameters generally approximated those of the normal distribution”
Claim · model-written summary
The shape of African yam bean seeds is described as a prolate sphere.
- Taxon
- African yam beanSphenostylis stenocarpae1
- Outcome
- shapee1
- Value
- prolate spheree1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The shape of African yam bean can be described as prolate sphere”
Claim · model-written summary
Axial dimensions and equivalent diameter of the seeds increased as moisture content increased from 4 to 16% w.b.
- Taxon
- African yam beanSphenostylis stenocarpae0
- Treatment
- moisture contente1
- Outcome
- axial dimensions,equivalent diametere1
- Direction
- increasee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two African yam bean accessions (TSs 137 and TSs 138) at four moisture content levels of 4, 8, 12, and 16% wetbasis”
e1“The axial dimensions,equivalent diameter, individual grain weight, and volume were found to increase as moisture content increased between 4 and16% w.b. for the two accessions”