Abstract
In order to construct phylogenetic relationships of the family Smilacaceae, 79 species representing all genera and sections of the family from all over the world were used for cladistic analysis, with Philesia and Lapageria of Philasiaceae as outgroups. A matrix of 36 binary and 11 multistate morphological characters was constructed. The first parsimonious analysis yielded numerous most parsimonious trees of 275 steps, and then 82 most parsimonious trees with 40.729 steps length were produced by reweighting characters using maximum values of rescaled consistency (RC), which remained stable after the second reweighting. There is a moderate resolution but generally poor bootstrap support for the phylogenetic relationships in the family. From the strict MP tree and the NJ tree, Ripogonum is a sister to Smilax, but may be better treated as a separate family. Heterosmilax is considered to be derived from ancestral Smilax and occurs as the most derived clade of the Smilacaceae, and thus it is reasonable to retain it as a section in Smilax s.l. Within Smilax most currently recognized sections are polyphyletic, but some major lineages are distinct. The herbaceous Smilax species form a monophyletic clade, and it is also the case for the South American species. Their positions in the cladogram are intriguing and may help to shed light on evolutionary and biogeographic history of the family.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The phylogeny had moderate resolution but poor bootstrap support.
- Taxon
- SmilacaceaeSmilacaceaet0
- Outcome
- moderate resolution but generally poor bootstrap supporte0
Verbatim
e0“There is a moderate resolution but generally poor bootstrap support for the phylogenetic relationships in the family”
t0“Smilacaceae”
Claim · model-written summary
Ripogonum was sister to Smilax in the strict MP and NJ trees.
- Outcome
- sister to Smilaxe0
RipogonumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“From the strict MP tree and the NJ tree, Ripogonum is a sister to Smilax”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest Ripogonum may merit separate family status.
- Taxon
- SmilacaceaeSmilacaceaet0
- Outcome
- may be better treated as a separate familye0
Verbatim
e0“but may be better treated as a separate family”
t0“Smilacaceae”
Claim · model-written summary
Heterosmilax appeared derived from ancestral Smilax and as the most derived Smilacaceae clade.
- Taxon
- Heterosmilax
Heterosmilaxe0 - Outcome
- most derived clade of the Smilacaceaee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heterosmilax is considered to be derived from ancestral Smilax and occurs as the most derived clade of the Smilacaceae”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose retaining Heterosmilax as a Smilax section.
- Taxon
- SmilacaceaeSmilacaceaet0
- Outcome
- retain it as a section in Smilax s.l.e0
Verbatim
e0“it is reasonable to retain it as a section in Smilax s.l.”
t0“Smilacaceae”
Claim · model-written summary
Most currently recognized Smilax sections were polyphyletic.
- Outcome
- most currently recognized sections are polyphyletice0
.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
SmilaxOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Within Smilax most currently recognized sections are polyphyletic”
Claim · model-written summary
Some major Smilax lineages were distinct.
- Taxon
- SmilacaceaeSmilacaceaet0
- Outcome
- some major lineages are distincte0
Verbatim
e0“but some major lineages are distinct”
t0“Smilacaceae”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbaceous Smilax species formed a monophyletic clade.
- Outcome
- form a monophyletic cladee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The herbaceous Smilax species form a monophyletic clade”
Claim · model-written summary
South American Smilax species formed a monophyletic clade.
- Taxon
- SmilacaceaeSmilacaceaet0
- Outcome
- also the case for the South American speciese0
Verbatim
e0“and it is also the case for the South American species”
t0“Smilacaceae”