Abstract
The efficacy of olive (Olea europea) pomace (OP), chicken litter (CL), and municipal compost residues (MCR) as soil amendments for control of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) was studied in shadehouse and field microplot experiments. Results from a shadehouse experiment with green pepper (Capsicum annum) demonstrated that plants in soil amended with MCR, OP, and MCR+OP had lower numbers of M. javanica in the roots than those grown in unamended control soil. Ammonia ted OP (treated with NH3) was not as effective as the other amendments for nematode control. Amended soils exhibited higher esterase activity than control soil and numbers of nematodes per gram of root were inversely related to soil esterase activity. In a field microplot experiment with tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) highest yields in soil fumigated with methyl bromide and infested with the nematode after fumigation were obtained with CL+OP amendments; highest yields in nonfumigated soil also infested with the nematode corresponded to treatments with MCR+OP, CL+OP, and CL. Most amendments in the microplot experiment were suppressive of M. javanica. Numbers of M. javanica juveniles in unamended, methyl bromide-treated soil were higher than in unamended unfumigated soil at harvest. Esterase activity was higher in amended soils than those without amendments irrespective of whether the soils had been treated with methyl bromide or not. Numbers of nematodes per gram of root were inversely related to soil esterase activity in unfumigated soil but not in soil treated with methyl bromide. Juvenile population densities in soil were inversely related to esterase activity in both fumigated and unfumigated soil. However, the model describing the relationship between the two variables indicated a more rapid decline in nematode numbers with increasing enzymatic activity for unfumigated soil than in methyl bromide-treated soil.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
MCR, OP and MCR+OP amended soils had fewer M. javanica in pepper roots than unamended soil in a shadehouse experiment
Verbatim
e1“plants in soil amended with MCR, OP, and MCR+OP had lower numbers of M. javanica in the roots than those grown in unamended control soil”
e2“Results from a shadehouse experiment with green pepper (Capsicum annum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonia-treated olive pomace was less effective than the other amendments for nematode control
Verbatim
e3“Ammonia ted OP (treated with NH3) was not as effective as the other amendments for nematode control”
t0“Control of Root-Knot Nematodes in Tomato and Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Amended soils had higher esterase activity than control soil
Verbatim
e4“Amended soils exhibited higher esterase activity than control soil”
t0“Control of Root-Knot Nematodes in Tomato and Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Numbers of nematodes per gram of root were inversely related to soil esterase activity
Verbatim
e5“and numbers of nematodes per gram of root were inversely related to soil esterase activity”
t0“Control of Root-Knot Nematodes in Tomato and Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
In unfumigated soil, nematode numbers per gram of root were inversely related to soil esterase activity
Verbatim
e6“Numbers of nematodes per gram of root were inversely related to soil esterase activity in unfumigated soil”
t0“Control of Root-Knot Nematodes in Tomato and Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
In methyl bromide-treated soil, nematode numbers per gram of root were not related to soil esterase activity
Verbatim
e7“Numbers of nematodes per gram of root were inversely related to soil esterase activity in unfumigated soil but not in soil treated with methyl bromide”
t0“Control of Root-Knot Nematodes in Tomato and Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Juvenile densities in soil were inversely related to esterase activity in both fumigated and unfumigated soil
Verbatim
e0“Juvenile population densities in soil were inversely related to esterase activity in both fumigated and unfumigated soil”
t0“Control of Root-Knot Nematodes in Tomato and Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Nematode numbers declined more rapidly with increasing enzymatic activity in unfumigated soil than in methyl bromide-treated soil
Verbatim
e0“the model describing the relationship between the two variables indicated a more rapid decline in nematode numbers with increasing enzymatic activity for unfumigated soil than in methyl bromide-treated soil”
t0“Control of Root-Knot Nematodes in Tomato and Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
CL+OP amendments gave the highest tomato yields in methyl bromide-fumigated soil infested with the nematode
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- CL+OP amendmentse1
- Outcome
- yieldse1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Setting
- field microplot experimente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In a field microplot experiment with tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)”
e1“highest yields in soil fumigated with methyl bromide and infested with the nematode after fumigation were obtained with CL+OP amendments”
Claim · model-written summary
MCR+OP, CL+OP and CL gave the highest tomato yields in nonfumigated soil infested with the nematode
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- MCR+OP, CL+OP, and CLe1
- Outcome
- yieldse1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Setting
- nonfumigated soile1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In a field microplot experiment with tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)”
e1“highest yields in nonfumigated soil also infested with the nematode corresponded to treatments with MCR+OP, CL+OP, and CL”
Claim · model-written summary
Most amendments were suppressive of M. javanica in the microplot experiment
- Taxon
- Tomato and Peppert0
- Treatment
- amendmentse0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pest
- Outcome
- suppressive of M. javanicae0
- Direction
- suppressivee0
- Setting
- microplot experimente0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Most amendments in the microplot experiment were suppressive of M. javanica”
t0“Control of Root-Knot Nematodes in Tomato and Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Methyl bromide treatment increased M. javanica juveniles compared with unfumigated soil at harvest
Verbatim
e0“Numbers of M. javanica juveniles in unamended, methyl bromide-treated soil were higher than in unamended unfumigated soil at harvest”
t0“Control of Root-Knot Nematodes in Tomato and Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Esterase activity was higher in amended soils than in unamended soils whether or not methyl bromide was applied
Verbatim
e0“Esterase activity was higher in amended soils than those without amendments irrespective of whether the soils had been treated with methyl bromide or not”
t0“Control of Root-Knot Nematodes in Tomato and Pepper”
The same questions in other papers
other · Nematoda · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
fertilization · Nematoda · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
9 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.