Abstract
Sunflower lines developed to resist some acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides are susceptible to foliar applications of other ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Research was conducted to determine whether imidazolinone (IMI)- or sulfonylurea (SU)-resistant sunflower was affected by soil residues of imazethapyr, metsulfuron, or flucarbazone. In greenhouse experiments, IMI-sunflower displayed 60 and 66% injury 4 wk after emergence with incorporated soil residues of metsulfuron at 4.2 g ai/ha and flucarbazone at 30 g ai/ha, respectively, but response to imazethapyr at 35 g ai/ ha was not different from that of nontreated plants. Metsulfuron at 4.2 g/ha and flucarbazone at 30 g/ha resulted in 56 and 72% less biomass accumulation, respectively, of IMI-sunflower compared with that of nontreated plants. Incorporated soil residues of imazethapyr, metsulfuron, or flucarbazone did not cause significant injury or result in shorter plants or less biomass accumulation of SU-sunflower than nontreated sunflower in greenhouse experiments. In field experiments, nonincorporated residues of imazethapyr, metsulfuron, or flucarbazone did not induce visible chlorosis or significant stunting of IMI- or SU-sunflower compared with nontreated sunflower. Herbicide-resistant sunflower growing in soil with nonincorporated residues of imazethapyr, metsulfuron, or flucarbazone produced seed yield similar to sunflower growing in sulfentrazone-treated soil or nontreated soil.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Metsulfuron soil residues at 4.2 g ai/ha caused 60% injury in IMI-resistant sunflower 4 weeks after emergence in greenhouse experiments.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus
Helianthus annuust0 - Material
- IMI-sunflowere1
- Treatment
- incorporated soil residues of metsulfuron at 4.2 g ai/hae1
- Outcome
- injurye1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 60e1
- Setting
- greenhouse experimentse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Herbicide-Resistant Sunflower (Helianthus annuus)”
e1“In greenhouse experiments, IMI-sunflower displayed 60 and 66% injury 4 wk after emergence with incorporated soil residues of metsulfuron at 4.2 g ai/ha and flucarbazone at 30 g ai/ha, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Flucarbazone soil residues at 30 g ai/ha caused 66% injury in IMI-resistant sunflower 4 weeks after emergence in greenhouse experiments.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuust0
- Material
- IMI-sunflowere1
- Treatment
- flucarbazone at 30 g ai/hae1
- Outcome
- injurye1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 66%e1
- Setting
- greenhouse experimentse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Herbicide-Resistant Sunflower (Helianthus annuus)”
e1“In greenhouse experiments, IMI-sunflower displayed 60 and 66% injury 4 wk after emergence with incorporated soil residues of metsulfuron at 4.2 g ai/ha and flucarbazone at 30 g ai/ha, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr soil residues at 35 g ai/ha did not change the response of sunflower relative to nontreated plants.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- imazethapyr at 35 g ai/ hae2
- Outcome
- responsee2
- Direction
- not differente2
- Comparator
- nontreated plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Herbicide-Resistant Sunflower (Helianthus annuus)”
e2“response to imazethapyr at 35 g ai/ ha was not different from that of nontreated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Metsulfuron at 4.2 g/ha reduced biomass accumulation of IMI-resistant sunflower by 56% compared with nontreated plants.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuust0
- Material
- IMI-sunflowere3
- Treatment
- Metsulfuron at 4.2 g/hae3
- Outcome
- biomass accumulatione3
- Direction
- lesse3
- Value
- 56e3
- Comparator
- nontreated plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Herbicide-Resistant Sunflower (Helianthus annuus)”
e3“Metsulfuron at 4.2 g/ha and flucarbazone at 30 g/ha resulted in 56 and 72% less biomass accumulation, respectively, of IMI-sunflower compared with that of nontreated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Flucarbazone at 30 g/ha reduced biomass accumulation of IMI-resistant sunflower by 72% compared with nontreated plants.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuust0
- Material
- IMI-sunflowere3
- Treatment
- flucarbazone at 30 g/hae3
- Outcome
- biomass accumulatione3
- Direction
- lesse3
- Value
- 72%e3
- Comparator
- nontreated plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Herbicide-Resistant Sunflower (Helianthus annuus)”
e3“Metsulfuron at 4.2 g/ha and flucarbazone at 30 g/ha resulted in 56 and 72% less biomass accumulation, respectively, of IMI-sunflower compared with that of nontreated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Incorporated soil residues of imazethapyr, metsulfuron or flucarbazone did not cause significant injury, shorter plants or less biomass in SU-resistant sunflower in greenhouse experiments.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuust0
- Material
- SU-sunflowere4
- Treatment
- Incorporated soil residues of imazethapyr, metsulfuron, or flucarbazonee4
- Outcome
- significant injury or result in shorter plants or less biomass accumulatione4
- Direction
- did not causee4
- Comparator
- nontreated sunflowere4
- Setting
- greenhouse experimentse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Herbicide-Resistant Sunflower (Helianthus annuus)”
e4“Incorporated soil residues of imazethapyr, metsulfuron, or flucarbazone did not cause significant injury or result in shorter plants or less biomass accumulation of SU-sunflower than nontreated sunflower in greenhouse experiments”
Claim · model-written summary
Nonincorporated soil residues of imazethapyr, metsulfuron or flucarbazone did not induce visible chlorosis or significant stunting of IMI- or SU-resistant sunflower in field experiments.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuust0
- Material
- IMI- or SU-sunflowere5
- Treatment
- nonincorporated residues of imazethapyr, metsulfuron, or flucarbazonee5
- Outcome
- visible chlorosis or significant stuntinge5
- Direction
- did not inducee5
- Comparator
- nontreated sunflowere5
- Setting
- In field experimentse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Herbicide-Resistant Sunflower (Helianthus annuus)”
e5“In field experiments, nonincorporated residues of imazethapyr, metsulfuron, or flucarbazone did not induce visible chlorosis or significant stunting of IMI- or SU-sunflower compared with nontreated sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide-resistant sunflower grown with nonincorporated residues of imazethapyr, metsulfuron or flucarbazone produced seed yield similar to sulfentrazone-treated or nontreated soil.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuust0
- Material
- Herbicide-resistant sunflowere6
- Treatment
- nonincorporated residues of imazethapyr, metsulfuron, or flucarbazonee6
- Outcome
- seed yielde6
- Direction
- similare6
- Comparator
- sulfentrazone-treated soil or nontreated soile6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Herbicide-Resistant Sunflower (Helianthus annuus)”
e6“Herbicide-resistant sunflower growing in soil with nonincorporated residues of imazethapyr, metsulfuron, or flucarbazone produced seed yield similar to sunflower growing in sulfentrazone-treated soil or nontreated soil”
The same questions in other papers
metsulfuron methyl · crop injury · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
metsulfuron methyl · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Imazethapyr · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.