Paper · 1998 · Annals of Applied Biology

Interactions between wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar, row spacing and density and the effect on weed suppression and crop yield

G T CHAMPION; R J FROUD‐WILLIAMS; J M HOLLAND

10
claims
21
verbatim quotes
59
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Summary. In 1995/1996 weed suppression ability of two wheat cultivars (Spark and Tonic) was investigated in conjunction with two row spacings (15 cm and 9 cm) and three sowing densities (125, 250 and 350 plants m ‐2 ). Weed biomass was influenced initially by crop density, and following stem extension by both cultivar and density, although these factors did not interact. Tillering capacity was a poor predictor of weed suppression ability and Spark, the more profusely tillering cultivar, contained greater weed biomass than Tonic. The earlier stem extension of Tonic increased shading at 0–20 cm above ground level compared to Spark and this was believed to be the reason for reduced weed biomass. Row spacing did not influence weed suppression, but grain yield was reduced in 15 cm rows at a density of 350 plants m ‐12 compared to 250 plants m ‐12 . This may be of importance to growers contemplating the use of wider row spacings for mechanical weeding.

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Claims 10

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Weed biomass was influenced initially by crop density.

Treatment
crop densitye2
Outcome
Weed biomasse2
Qualifier
initiallye2
Setting
1995/1996e1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“In 1995/1996 weed suppression ability of two wheat cultivars (Spark and Tonic)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–87 · show in text ↑
e2

“Weed biomass was influenced initially by crop density, and following stem extension by both cultivar and density, although these factors did not interact”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 219–372 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Following stem extension, weed biomass was influenced by cultivar.

Treatment
cultivare2
Outcome
Weed biomasse2
Qualifier
following stem extensione2
Setting
1995/1996e1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“In 1995/1996 weed suppression ability of two wheat cultivars (Spark and Tonic)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–87 · show in text ↑
e2

“Weed biomass was influenced initially by crop density, and following stem extension by both cultivar and density, although these factors did not interact”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 219–372 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Following stem extension, weed biomass was influenced by crop density.

Treatment
densitye2
Outcome
Weed biomasse2
Qualifier
following stem extensione2
Setting
1995/1996e1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“In 1995/1996 weed suppression ability of two wheat cultivars (Spark and Tonic)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–87 · show in text ↑
e2

“Weed biomass was influenced initially by crop density, and following stem extension by both cultivar and density, although these factors did not interact”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 219–372 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cultivar and density did not interact in their effect on weed biomass.

Treatment
cultivar and densitye2
Outcome
Weed biomasse2
Qualifier
these factors did not interacte2
Setting
1995/1996e1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“In 1995/1996 weed suppression ability of two wheat cultivars (Spark and Tonic)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–87 · show in text ↑
e2

“Weed biomass was influenced initially by crop density, and following stem extension by both cultivar and density, although these factors did not interact”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 219–372 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tillering capacity was a poor predictor of weed suppression ability in wheat.

Treatment
Tillering capacitye3
Outcome
weed suppression abilitye3
Qualifier
poor predictore3
Setting
1995/1996e1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“In 1995/1996 weed suppression ability of two wheat cultivars (Spark and Tonic)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–87 · show in text ↑
e3

“Tillering capacity was a poor predictor of weed suppression ability”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 374–441 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The more profusely tillering wheat cultivar Spark contained greater weed biomass than Tonic.

Material
Sparke4
Treatment
cultivare4
Outcome
weed biomasse4
Direction
greatere4
Comparator
Tonice4
Setting
1995/1996e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“In 1995/1996 weed suppression ability of two wheat cultivars (Spark and Tonic)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–87 · show in text ↑
e4

“Spark, the more profusely tillering cultivar, contained greater weed biomass than Tonic”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 446–533 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The earlier stem extension of Tonic increased canopy shading at 0-20 cm above ground level compared with Spark.

Material
Tonice5
Treatment
earlier stem extensione5
Outcome
shadinge5
Direction
increasede5
Qualifier
0–20 cm above ground levele5
Comparator
Sparke5
Setting
1995/1996e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“In 1995/1996 weed suppression ability of two wheat cultivars (Spark and Tonic)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–87 · show in text ↑
e5

“The earlier stem extension of Tonic increased shading at 0–20 cm above ground level compared to Spark”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 535–636 · show in text ↑
Mechanismhypothesisoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Increased shading after earlier stem extension of Tonic was believed to explain its reduced weed biomass.

Outcome
reduced weed biomasse6
Qualifier
increased shading at 0–20 cm above ground levele5
Setting
1995/1996e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“In 1995/1996 weed suppression ability of two wheat cultivars (Spark and Tonic)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–87 · show in text ↑
e5

“The earlier stem extension of Tonic increased shading at 0–20 cm above ground level compared to Spark”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 535–636 · show in text ↑
e6

“this was believed to be the reason for reduced weed biomass”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 641–700 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Row spacing did not influence weed suppression in wheat.

Treatment
Row spacinge7
Outcome
weed suppressione7
Direction
no_changeinferrede7
Setting
1995/1996e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“In 1995/1996 weed suppression ability of two wheat cultivars (Spark and Tonic)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–87 · show in text ↑
e7

“Row spacing did not influence weed suppression”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 702–748 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Grain yield was reduced in wheat sown in 15 cm rows at 350 plants per m2 compared with 250 plants per m2.

Treatment
15 cm rows at a density of 350 plants m ‐12e2
Outcome
grain yielde2
Direction
reducede2
Comparator
250 plants m ‐12e2
Setting
1995/1996e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“In 1995/1996 weed suppression ability of two wheat cultivars (Spark and Tonic)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–87 · show in text ↑
e2

“grain yield was reduced in 15 cm rows at a density of 350 plants m ‐12 compared to 250 plants m ‐12”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 754–853 · show in text ↑

density · weed · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

46 papers: 37 positive, 9 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 37 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

42 papers more in this group

See all 46 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.